difference between schooner and yacht

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Boats, Schooners, Ships, Yachts and Superyachts - What’s the Difference?

Are boats, yachts and superyachts all the same? What happens if we throw ship in the mix, or vessel? Do they refer to different boat types or are they just interchangeable terms? Will some sea lover become upset if I refer to a boat as a schooner? What’s a schooner anyway? Some require yacht crews while others can be sailed solo.

For those who are new to sea life, it’s okay to not understand the difference. There are still some sea lovers who couldn’t tell you the difference between yachts and superyachts, between boats and ships. And some may say it doesn’t even matter. Some distinctions are clear, like the difference between a ship and schooner. While other differences are more difficult to establish, like the difference between yachts and superyachts.

Here’s a simple cheat sheet. Bookmark this page in case it comes up again! Happy sailing!

Boat – used for commercial and recreational purposes. Technically, boats are motor vessels less than 100 feet long.

Schooner – a sailboat that actually has a sail. Some schooners can also make use of an engine, but if there is no sail, it is not a schooner.

Ship – large, commercial sea vessel. Used to transport goods, people, and for military utility. Ships are usually over 200 feet long.

Yacht – purely recreational vessel. These vessels are built with the idea of luxury in mind. Not all of these vessels require yacht crews, some require 2 or 3 crew members.

Superyacht – a yacht over 100 feet in length from stern to bow. Superyachts cannot function without yacht crews and yacht management .

Regardless of whether you own a large schooner, yacht, or superyacht under 120 feet, Yacht Management has concierge crew, storage, and dockside maintenance services for your vessel. Contact us today for more information and see which packages we offer for your specific kind of vessel – now that you know!

For all inquiries, fill out the form below and a member of our team will respond as soon as possible

What’s The Difference Between a Sailboat and a Schooner? Here’s What You Need To Know

Have you ever wondered what the difference is between a sailboat and a schooner? If youre curious about the key features that make these two vessels different, youve come to the right place.

In this article, well cover the key differences between a sailboat and a schooner, including the types of vessels used for sailing, the masts and hulls that set them apart, and the pros and cons of each vessel.

After reading this article, youll be able to make an informed decision on which vessel is better suited for your needs.

So, lets get started!

Table of Contents

Short Answer

A sailboat is a type of boat that is powered by wind energy using sails mounted to masts.

Schooners are a type of sailboat that typically have two or more masts, with the aft mast taller than the forward mast.

Schooners typically have more sail area compared to a typical sailboat, which enables them to travel faster and farther with the same wind.

Additionally, schooners often have a longer hull than a typical sailboat, which also helps with speed and stability.

Types of Vessels Used for Sailing

When it comes to sailing, there are two types of vessels most commonly used: sailboats and schooners. Each type of vessel has its own unique characteristics that make it well-suited for certain activities. Sailboats are typically smaller and more maneuverable than schooners, making them ideal for racing or recreational sailing. On the other hand, schooners are larger and more suited for carrying cargo, making them ideal for fishing, freighting, and other commercial activities. Both types of vessels can be used for cruising and exploring, but their differences in design and operation make them better suited for different purposes.

Sailboats utilize a single hull and one or two masts to generate power.

The masts hold sails which, when filled with wind, propel the boat forward.

Sailboats come in a variety of shapes and sizes, from small dinghies to large racing yachts.

They are designed for speed and performance, and typically require a smaller crew than a schooner.

Schooners have a double hull and usually two or more masts.

They are larger and heavier than sailboats, making them better-suited for carrying cargo or heavy loads.

Schooners are more difficult to maneuver than sailboats, requiring a larger crew to manage the sails and rudders.

They are often used for fishing, freighting, and other commercial activities.

In conclusion, sailboats and schooners are two types of vessels used for sailing.

Sailboats are typically smaller and more maneuverable, while schooners are larger and better suited for carrying cargo.

Sailboats are designed for speed and performance, while schooners are more difficult to maneuver and require a larger crew.

Knowing the differences between these two types of vessels will help you choose the one that best suits your needs.

The Key Difference

When it comes to sailing, it is important to understand the key difference between a sailboat and a schooner.

While both types of vessels are used for sailing, they have some distinct differences.

A sailboat typically has one or two masts and a single hull.

This hull design is more streamlined and allows for a greater speed and maneuverability.

Schooners, on the other hand, usually have two or more masts and a double hull.

The double hull makes it easier to carry cargo, but it also makes the vessel more difficult to maneuver.

Another key difference between sailboats and schooners is the purpose for which they are designed.

Sailboats are typically designed for speed and performance, while schooners are more suited for carrying cargo.

This is due in part to the double hull design of the schooner, which makes it easier to carry more weight.

Finally, sailboats are easier to maneuver and require a smaller crew, while schooners require more crew and are more difficult to maneuver.

This is due to the increased complexity of the schooner’s design and the additional masts.

Additionally, the double hull of the schooner makes it harder to move quickly and efficiently.

In conclusion, sailboats and schooners are both types of vessels used for sailing, but they have some key differences.

A sailboat typically has one or two masts and a single hull, while a schooner usually has two or more masts and a double hull.

Additionally, sailboats are typically designed for speed and performance, while schooners are more suited for carrying cargo.

Understanding these differences is essential for anyone interested in sailing.

Sailboats are an incredibly popular type of vessel used for sailing, and they come in many different shapes and sizes.

Generally speaking, sailboats are designed to be lightweight, maneuverable, and fast, with either one or two masts and a single hull.

Their hulls are usually designed with a deep keel to help them better track in the wind, and they typically feature a wide range of sails to help them reach their desired speed.

For those looking for a recreational sailboat, they come in a variety of sizes, such as small dinghies or larger vessels with multiple cabins.

Sailboats also come in a variety of styles, such as sloops, ketchs, yawls, and cutters, all of which feature different sail plans.

Modern sailboats are typically made from fiberglass, aluminum, or wood, and they are designed for performance and speed.

They usually have a wide range of features, such as self-tacking jibs, roller furling headsails, and spinnaker poles, which help them achieve their desired speed and performance.

Additionally, they are usually equipped with a variety of electronics, such as GPS systems, autopilots, and wind instruments, to make sailing easier and safer.

Schooners are larger, more imposing vessels than sailboats, and are usually designed for carrying cargo rather than achieving speed and performance.

They typically have two or more masts, and a double hull that allows for a greater carrying capacity than a sailboat.

Schooners are much more difficult to maneuver than sailboats, and require a larger crew due to their size and complexity.

They are also slower than sailboats, but their larger capacity and ability to carry more cargo makes them ideal for long-distance travel.

They have a long history, with the first schooners being built in the late 1600s, and have been used for fishing, trading, and as military vessels.

Today, schooners are still used for transporting cargo, as well as for pleasure cruising and racing.

Maneuverability and Crew Requirements

When it comes to maneuverability and crew requirements, sailboats and schooners differ significantly.

Sailboats are typically designed to be more agile and require fewer people to handle them.

This makes them easier to maneuver in tight spaces and more ideal for recreational sailing and racing.

Schooners, on the other hand, are larger and require more crew members to handle them effectively.

Schooners are more suited to carrying cargo and navigating larger bodies of water, such as the open ocean.

As a result, they are not as agile or as easy to maneuver as sailboats.

In terms of crew requirements, sailboats typically require just two people to operate them, while schooners can require up to five or more people to handle them.

This is due to the size and complexity of the schooners.

Additionally, schooners are much more difficult to maneuver, so they require more crew members to facilitate the process.

In short, the main difference between sailboats and schooners is in terms of maneuverability and crew requirements.

Additionally, sailboats are easier to maneuver and require a smaller crew, while schooners require more crew and are more difficult to maneuver.

Examples of Sailboats and Schooners

When it comes to sailboats and schooners, there are many types and varieties.

Sailboats come in a wide range of sizes, from small dinghies to large racing yachts, and they can be used for a variety of purposes, from recreational sailing to racing.

Common types of sailboats include sloops, catamarans, and monohulls.

Sloops are the most common type of sailboat, with one mast and a single hull.

Catamarans have two hulls and are typically designed for speed and performance, while monohulls are single-hulled vessels that are the most efficient when it comes to sailing.

Schooners are also a popular type of sailing vessel, and they come in a variety of sizes and designs.

Common types of schooners include gaff-rigged schooners, which have two or more masts and a double hull, and topsail schooners, which have two masts and a single hull.

Schooners are typically designed to carry cargo, and they are often used for commercial purposes, such as fishing or trading.

Additionally, schooners require more crew and are more difficult to maneuver than sailboats.

Pros and Cons of Sailboats vs. Schooners

When it comes to sailing, sailboats and schooners are two vessels that have some distinct differences.

While both are great vessels for sailing, each type has its own set of pros and cons.

For sailboats, the biggest advantage is their speed and performance.

They are designed to be lightweight and aerodynamic, allowing them to move quickly and efficiently through the water.

Additionally, sailboats are also much easier to maneuver than schooners.

They require less crew and are more responsive, making them better suited for recreational sailing.

On the other hand, schooners are better suited for carrying cargo.

They are usually larger and have two or more masts, with a double hull to provide additional stability.

This makes them a great option for transporting goods over long distances or in rough waters.

Schooners also typically require a larger crew than sailboats and can be more difficult to maneuver.

When it comes to deciding between a sailboat and a schooner, it really comes down to what you plan to use the vessel for.

If youre looking for speed and performance, a sailboat is the way to go.

If youre looking for a vessel to transport goods, a schooner is the better option.

Ultimately, its important to consider the pros and cons of each before making your decision.

Final Thoughts

Sailboats and schooners are both types of vessels used for sailing, but they have some key differences.

Sailboats are typically designed for speed and performance, while schooners are more suitable for carrying cargo.

Sailboats are easier to maneuver and require a smaller crew, while schooners require more crew and are more difficult to maneuver.

Knowing the differences between these two types of vessels can help you decide which type of boat is best for your needs.

Be sure to weigh the pros and cons of each type of boat before making your decision.

James Frami

At the age of 15, he and four other friends from his neighborhood constructed their first boat. He has been sailing for almost 30 years and has a wealth of knowledge that he wants to share with others.

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Better Sailing

Sailboat Vs Yacht: What is The Difference?

Many boaters use the terms “sailboat” and “yacht” interchangeably when they are actually quite distinct. A yacht is a larger boat or ship that is used for recreational purposes. The term “yacht” is of Dutch origin, and it was initially described as a small, swift sailing vessel used by the Dutch navy to track down and catch pirates. A boat, on the other hand, is a smaller vessel that can range from a fishing boat to a sailboat in size. So, if you’re interested in this topic, this article will compare yachting with sailing in many ways. Like this, you will have a much better understanding of which option is best for you. Keep reading!

Sailboats and Yachts: Meaning

Firstly, it’s important to understand the meaning of each word. Generally, a boat is a form of watercraft that comes in a variety of shapes and sizes. A boat is a watercraft that is small enough to fit on a ship, which is typically less than 1,000 feet long. A ship is a huge vessel with a large carrying capacity that can transport other vessels. The size, shape, and capacity of a boat vary depending on its intended usage. Boats are most commonly employed for navigating places along the water’s edge or inland waterways like lakes and rivers, although they can be utilized on any water source. Boats can be used for a variety of purposes, including providing service to people and vessels on the water, recreational activities, commercial passenger, and cargo transportation across waterways.

So, a sailboat (sailing vessel) is a boat that is propelled primarily by the force of the wind on sails. Keep in mind that the term “boat” can cause some misconceptions about the vessel’s size. People may refer to it as a sailing ship rather than a sailing boat once it reaches a particular size. Also, boats are generally thought to be smaller than ships. A sailboat is a water-borne watercraft whose principal means of propulsion is the wind, which is captured and controlled by triangular-shaped pieces of cloth known as ‘sails.’ On the other hand, a powerboat is a watercraft with an internal combustion engine as its primary source of propulsion.

A yacht is most likely a vessel that is primarily used for personal rather than business purposes. There are yachts that you can hire for a week or more. This might add a little confusion as they are commercially owned but within the hire period, they are used by individuals for leisure purposes. Generally, people usually refer to sailboats as yachts or vice-versa. This is a common phenomenon nowadays, however, there are significantly more sailing yachts than motor yachts at the seaside/marina. If you want to specify a boat that is not largely powered by the wind, use the word motor yacht.

Sailing yachts and motor-powered yachts are the two forms of yachts available today. Yachts range in length from 26 feet to hundreds of feet. A cabin cruiser, or just a cruiser, is a luxury vessel that is less than 39 feet long. A superyacht is typically above 70 feet long. So, what is the definition of a mega yacht? They usually exceed 150 feet in length, but there is no top limit! Note that the world’s largest boat is 728 feet long, or 222 meters.

Let’s now check the main differences between a sailboat and a yacht:

Sails and Motor

The boat may be powered purely by the wind or by one or more inboard or outboard motors, depending on the model. While some larger boats may have very massive engines to provide genuine speed on the water, most yacht engines are far less powerful. Yacht engines are substantially larger, can produce far more power – up to 800hp in some circumstances – and can go many further distances.

If you’re searching for a vessel that’s easier to operate, you could argue that a yacht is a superior option. Sure, the computer components are more complicated, and there is more to manage, but sailing will be simpler. In stormy weather, managing a sail can be tricky. From inside the cabin, you can’t manage your sails. You may, however, operate your yacht from the cabin.

It’s a fact that sailboats will always have sails. After all, it’s their primary source of propulsion. The nail is what propels the boat forward by harnessing the wind. So long as the weather permits, sailing can be done anywhere, at any time. Yachting, on the other hand, has its own set of restrictions. A yacht will usually lack a sail, which can be viewed as a good or negative aspect, depending on your perspective.

The advantage of having a sail over only an engine is that you don’t have to worry about running out of fuel. Fuel is not only costly but also inconvenient and pollutes the environment. When on long voyages, you must always keep an eye on your fuel levels, or you risk breaking down at sea. The great thing with sailboats is that as long as there is wind, a sailboat can sail. If you have an extra sail onboard, you should be alright regardless of what occurs. You have a significantly lower chance of being left stranded at sea.

>>Also Read: Sailboats Vs Powerboats: Why Sailboats are Better

Size Matters

The size difference between a yacht and a sailboat is one of the most significant ones. Most of the time, a sailboat will almost certainly be smaller than a yacht. Of course, some sailboats are larger than others, but if we’re talking about average sizes, a yacht will be larger. The reason that size counts so much when deciding which boat to buy is that the available space is limited. So, if you opt for space note that the larger your boat is, the more space you’ll have. This may seem self-evident, but it is one of the most crucial aspects of your boat to which many people forget to give due consideration.

Generally, when it comes to boats, size will always matter. Except in cases where someone prefers overall better performance and speed. But, keep in mind that almost everything you do will be influenced by the size of your boat. The smaller the boat, the less storage space you have, the less space you have for emergency supplies, and even the less space you have for yourself. Regardless of the size of your boat, your sleeping quarters will most certainly be small. Also, depending on your height, every inch of a room may be crucial.

When there are more people on your boat than just you, size matters the most. If you intend to live alone on your yacht, you will have a significant space advantage. If there are three persons on board, you probably going to need more equipment and devices for cooking or for emergencies. All of this suggests that the sleeping space is the most significant distinction between living alone and living with people. If you live alone on a yacht that can sleep four people in theory, you will have a lot more storage and consequently space.

People on Board

The extent to which the crew will influence your decision is mostly determined by your budget and the size of the vessel you are considering buying. Meaning that if you’re intending to buy a sailboat, you won’t need any crew. Except for your family/friends that live on your boat with you, you basically are the entire crew. However, if you own a yacht, it’s an entirely different scenario.

If you intend to live aboard your yacht, you may require the assistance of one or two crew members. There will be plenty to do even if you are the most essential member of the team, i.e. the captain. This is because you might haven’t already mastered things like navigation, maintenance, plumbing, and engineering. So, a yacht often requires a complete crew to assist with navigation, maintenance, electronics and engineering, repairs, and sometimes even stewards to attend to the passengers.

In other words, having a sailboat means that you can take care of everything yourself. There are only a few computer components that will need to be repaired, and you are unlikely to have an engine. Repairing a sailboat isn’t easy in and of itself; it’s just easier for one person to handle. Meaning that it’s far easier to replace a sail than it is to fix an engine. In bad weather, a small sailboat is just easier to monitor than a large yacht. At the absolute least, another set of eyes will be probably required when sailing with a yacht.

Price also Matters

In general, yachts tend to be more expensive than sailboats. Occasionally, a great deal more. For a variety of factors, the most important of which are materials, design, and construction techniques. Note also that a boat’s price is likely to rise as it becomes more modern. Although this isn’t always the case, it is the vast majority of the time. If money is a key factor in deciding which boat to buy, here’s something to think about: just because a yacht is more expensive doesn’t mean you shouldn’t have one. If you have the cash, knowledge, and you know the kind of sailing you will be doing then go for a yacht!

Note also that a sailboat can be outfitted with a variety of amenities and conveniences. But, the sailboat doesn’t always include these features. This will mostly depend on the type of sailboat. As a result, buying a basic sailboat can save you a lot of money. However, most yachts will provide high end amenities. As a result, a motor yacht will cost significantly more than a regular sailboat. Sailboats are also smaller than yachts, which means you have a larger selection of less expensive boats to pick from when making your purchase. But, yachts often start in the six-figure range and can reach millions of dollars depending on the yacht’s size, age, and build quality.

Maintenance and Repairs

Yachts are frequently more expensive to maintain than sailboats. Meaning that boat engines require a great deal of upkeep, and the expense of fuel can be prohibitive for many individuals. For example, did you know that a gallon of diesel fuel in a yacht may only allow you to travel less than 1 nautical mile? If you’re going on a long voyage out to the sea, you can end up spending a lot of money on fuel. A sailboat, on the other hand, can take you wherever you want to go with very little fuel. Bear in mind also that a yacht’s insurance is more expensive than that of a sailboat. One of the main reasons is because it is classified as a yacht.

In addition to the boat’s price there are some other things to consider. The most important one is maintenance and repairs. A boat will always need these and it might need them once per month or once per year. It depends on the kind of repairs and on the way in which you “treat” your boat. Also, if you’re buying a used sailboat, you will need sometimes more research and more money for upgrades. It will be repainted, restored, and upgraded, although it will remain the same size. You should approach buying a boat in the same way that you would with a car. So, according to the size and kind of boat you want to buy, it’s important to keep in mind the price and extra costs as well.

While advanced marine electronics and navigation systems are available on some boats, they are more of a must for yachts. When doing transatlantic voyages, it is critical not only to be able to navigate with precision but also to be able to identify other boats or objects that you may not be able to see, as well as to comprehend your vessel’s performance.

When it comes to technology, it’s not just about whether you’re choosing a sailboat or a yacht. The age of the specific vessel is also something to consider. A sailboat that is more than ten years old may not be as technologically advanced as a brand new sailboat. Better technology can offer a lot of opportunities for you if you decide to buy a yacht. First and foremost, it can make working on your boat much more convenient. There’s no reason you couldn’t work remotely from your boat if you have the ability to set up a functional office with wifi.

Technology also brings up a lot of new possibilities for you when it comes to the act of sailing. A sailboat could traverse the Pacific or Atlantic, but it would be rather difficult. On the other hand, with a yacht, it can be a lot easier. In comparison to a sailboat, your yacht will have advanced navigational systems, warning and guidance systems, and many more safety features.

Sea, Lakes, or Rivers?

Bear in mind that in shallow waters, large yachts are unable to sail. A sailboat is a way to go if you plan on sailing in areas with shallow waters. In the Caribbean, for example, a yacht might be difficult to navigate. At the very least, it’ll be more difficult than sailing. A yacht, on the other hand, may travel to far more places than a sailboat.

A small sailboat might theoretically sail across the Atlantic. However, it can be quite risky, and your boat might not be able to withstand the strong winds and waves. Furthermore, if you’re aboard a sailboat, you can be the only one on board. This means that if the worst happens, far out at sea, there will be no one to aid you. You can do it, of course, but it is risky.

So, smaller boats may normally operate in calmer seas such as lakes, rivers, and shallow harbors. Larger boats, usually between 20 and 30 feet long, can equally navigate rougher ocean seas. A yacht, on the other hand, can sail in deeper ocean waters and handle more choppy seas. Yachts are significantly more ideal for lengthy ocean voyages due to their bigger size, high-tech electronics and guidance equipment, weather protection, and a variety of other characteristics.

>>Also Read: Sailing Vs Boating: Why Sailing Is Better

Sailboat and Yatch Construction

Depending on the anticipated scale of production, sailboat makers can fabricate their own parts or order them. Masts, sails, engines, and metal fittings are common items provided by specialty vendors. Boatbuilders, on the other hand, create their own fiberglass hulls, using Gel coat polyester resin, a catalyst for the resin, woven fiberglass roving, and fiberglass. Wooden hull manufacturers create and shape their own wood in the same way. Note that the main building materials used in boat construction are aluminum, metal, wood, and fiberglass. The unique structure of each material offers a different design and usage as well as additional features to the way in which the boat is built.

Material considerations are important, whether they affect the cost or the durability of the product. Fiberglass, carbon fiber, and metals such as titanium will also be used to construct a boat. On the contrary, a sailboat will most likely be composed of wood or fiberglass. So, in case you value safety and sturdiness above all else, and money isn’t a big issue, a yacht will be significantly safer for you.

The material can also influence the way in which you make repairs. For instance, a wooden boat is much easier to repair than a metal boat. You can make some simple and quick repairs using wood, and they’ll probably last till you get to a marina. To do major repairs on a yacht, you’ll need a lot of specialized equipment and knowledge. Moreover, you may need to ask for a crew member to help you with this.

Sailboat Vs Yacht – Summary

As you can see there are many differences between a sailboat and a yacht. Nowadays many people tend to confuse or don’t be aware of the exact meaning and differences of these vessels, and it’s normal. But, we, as sailors, have to know the differences in order to understand which kind of boat is right for us. For example, if you want big spaces, luxury, or intend to liveaboard then you should opt for a yacht. But, if you want to experience the true joy of sailing, sail anywhere without worrying about polluting the environment or spending too much on fuel, then go for a sailboat! It will entirely depend on your needs and preferences so weigh the pros and cons of each one before making the decision.

In any case, I hope that you have now clarified the differences between these two and that you will make the right choice. I wish you all safe & enjoyable voyages!

Peter is the editor of Better Sailing. He has sailed for countless hours and has maintained his own boats and sailboats for years. After years of trial and error, he decided to start this website to share the knowledge.

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8 Differences Between Yachting and Sailing

Last Updated by

Daniel Wade

June 15, 2022

Unless you are very involved in the sailing community or own a boat of your own, you may think of yachting and sailing as similar.

In a lot of ways they are, after all, both are boats and both spend their time at sea. But, that’s about the end of the direct comparison.

Sailboats and yachts are very different, each with their pros and cons. Whether you are just curious about what the differences are, or are wondering because you plan to buy a boat yourself you’re in the right place. This article lists 8 distinct differences between yachting and sailing.

Hopefully, by the end of this article, you will have a much better idea about which might be better for you. After all, yachting/sailing isn’t for everyone.

Table of contents

One of the biggest differences between a yacht and a sailboat is its size. A sailboat is likely to be much smaller than a yacht. Of course, some sailboats can be bigger than some yachts but if we are working on average sizes a yacht is going to be bigger. The reason that size matters so much when it comes to picking which boat you are going to purchase (sailboat or yacht) is space. The bigger your boat, the more space you are going to have. This may sound obvious but is one of the most important factors about your boat that people often fail to give their full consideration.

Size matters (when it comes to boats). Don’t let anyone tell you otherwise. The size of your boat will factor into almost every single thing you do, every day. The smaller your boat the less room you have for storage, the less room you have for emergency supplies, the less room you have for storing even yourself. Your sleeping quarters are not likely going to be very big, regardless of how big your boat is. Depending on how tall you are every inch of space could matter. If you are 6 feet tall and your sleeping quarters are only just big enough, or worse, too small. You are in trouble. It may not immediately bother you. You may even be able to trick yourself into thinking that you are fine curled up into a ball whenever you are trying to sleep. You won’t feel this way for long.

Size matters most when there are more people on your boat than just yourself. If you are planning on living on your boat solo you have a huge advantage space-wise. Whether you have 1 person or multiple you will still need the same kit. A watermaker , water storage, food storage, a first aid kit, a fishing rod, etc. You won’t need 3 first aid kits if you have 3 people on board. All of this means the biggest difference between living solo and living with others is the sleeping room. If you are living solo on a boat that can in theory sleep 4, congrats, you now have a whole lot more storage.

Conversely, if you are planning on living on your boat with someone (perhaps your spouse) then space matters even more. Two people need to be able to move about comfortably. Just because your little sailboat can sleep two doesn’t mean two people will be able to live on it comfortably. If there is more than one of you, you may be better off with a yacht.

For the most part, the yachts are going to be more expensive. Sometimes a whole lot more. For a few reasons, mostly material and technology. The more modern a boat is the more expensive it is likely to be. This isn’t always the case, it is for the majority of the time though. If the price is going to play a big part in which boat you choose to buy here is something you may want to consider; just because a yacht can cost more doesn’t mean you shouldn’t get one. If you are on the fence, it is almost always to spend the extra money on something bigger and better.

When you buy a house, it is not uncommon to buy one to fix it up. Making little repairs and upgrades here and there, in some cases even building an extension. This doesn’t work with boats. The boat you buy is the boat you get. Sure, it can be improved. Repainted, renovated, modernized, but for the most part, it will stay the same size. You need to treat buying the boat the same as you would buying a car in this way. You wouldn’t buy a small hatchback and then build another story on it. The size boat you buy is the size boat you are stuck with. If you need more room, you will need another boat. It will work out much cheaper in the long run if you buy one expensive boat than having to buy a second slightly cheaper one because the first wasn’t up to scratch.

How much the crew will factor into your choice largely depends on budget and the size of the vessel you have your eye on. If you are planning on buying a sailboat, you aren’t going to need (or want) any kind of crew. You are the whole crew, except maybe your family/friends if they happen to live on your boat with you. If you have a yacht, however, its a completely different story. If you are planning on living aboard your yacht you may need one or two crew members to help you out. Even if you are fulfilling the most important role (captain), there will still be lots to do. Navigation, maintenance, and engineering may not be your forte.

If you are planning on buying a sailboat, you can handle everything yourself. There are relatively few computer components that will need working on and chances are you won’t have an engine. Repairs to a sailboat are not easy per se, they are just more manageable for one person. Changing a sail is much easier than repairing an engine. In severe conditions, a small sailboat is simply easier to keep an eye on than a huge yacht. A yacht may require, at the very least, another pair of eyes.

4. Whether or not there is a sail

This difference is purely aesthetic for the most part. Whether or not there is a sail. A sailboat, unsurprisingly, will always have a sail. The nail is how the boat harnesses the wind and what drives it forward. Sailing can be done anywhere, anytime, so long as the weather permits it. Yachting, on the other hand, can be far more limiting. A yacht typically won’t have a sail, which can be seen as either a positive or a negative depending on your outlook. Heres why.

If you are looking for a vessel that is easier to handle, you could argue that a yacht would fit those criteria better. Sure, the computer components are a little more complex and there is more to handle, but sailing itself will be easier. If you have to manage a sail, it can be pretty difficult in stormy conditions. You cant control your sails from inside the cabin. You can, however, steer your yacht from the comfort of the inside.

The advantage of having a sail, as opposed to just an engine, is that you don’t need to worry about fuel. Fuel is not only expensive but a real hassle. You must always keep an eye on your fuel levels when making long voyages or else you risk breaking down at sea. A sailboat can sail so long as there is wind. If you have an extra sail onboard, chances are you will be fine no matter what happens. You are much less likely to get stuck at sea.

5. Engine size

Some sailboats do have motors, albeit small ones. It could just be a trolling motor or as big as a 2 stroke. Regardless of what engine size you have, it is never going to be your primary power source. If you have sails you get your power from harnassing the wind. This, again, can be seen as either good or bad. If you have a small engine you have less to worry about. If you only have the most basic mechanical skills and knowhow you will probably be fine.

A yacht, on the other hand, is a whole different beast. If you don’t know how to work on your yacht in the engine room and you break down you are in real trouble. Owning a yacht can be far more complex than owning a sailboat in this regard. If you don’t anticipate learning how to make these repairs yourself, you are going to need to hire someone who will. Its no good just relying on the marina workshop or a local mechanic, if you are at sea there will be no way for them to get to you. Hiring a crew member with good mechanical abilities isn’t going to be cheap. It is a recurring cost you may want to factor into your budget when deciding whether or not a yacht is right for you.

6. Where they can sail

Big yachts cannot sail in shallow waters. If you are planning on sailing in places with shallow, shale filled, waters then a sailboat is the way to go. The Caribbean, for example, can be hard to navigate in a yacht. At least, harder than it would be with a sailing boat. On the other hand, a yacht can go to many more places than a sailboat.

You could, in theory, sail across the Atlantic in a small sailboat . But, would you want to? It is very dangerous and your boat might not hold up to the intense wind and waves. Additionally, if you are on a sailboat you might be the only crew member. This means there will be no one around to help you should the worst come to fruition, far out at sea. It can be done, you can sail across the Atlantic. But you probably shouldn’t.

7. Technology

In regards to technology, not just whether you are choosing a sailboat or a yacht must be given consideration. How old the individual vessel is, is equally important. An older yacht may not be as technologically advanced as a brand new sailboat . If you do choose to buy a yacht, better technology can open a lot of doors for you. First of all, it can make working on your boat a lot easier. If you have the capability of setting up a fully functioning office with wifi there is no reason you couldn’t just work remotely from your boat.

Technology also opens many new routes for you to take regarding the act of sailing itself. You could sail across the Atlantic with a sailboat, but it would be very risky and very difficult. With a yacht, on the other hand, it can be far easier. Your yacht will come equipped with advanced navigational systems, warning and guidance systems, and much more safety features than a sailboat would. A yacht will be able to plot your route from point to point. On a sailboat, you may not have that luxury.

8. Material

Material matters, whether it is affecting the cost or the sturdiness, it is something to consider. A yacht will be made of fiberglass, carbon fiber, and metals such as titanium. A sailboat, on the other hand, will likely be made from wood or fiberglass. If you are looking for safety and sturdiness above all, and the price is no problem, a yacht will be far safer for you. On the other hand, a sailboat might have the aesthetic you are looking for. You may want a wooden sailboat specifically because you think it looks better.

The material can also factor into how easy it is for you to make repairs. It is a lot easier to patch up a wooden boat than a metal one. With wood, you can make some cowboy fixes on the fly and they will likely hold up until you make it to port. With a yacht, you will need many special tools and training to make big repairs. Again, you may need to hire a crew member to handle that for you on a yacht.

Hopefully, you now have a pretty good idea about the differences between yachts and sailboats. They each have their pros and cons, and can both offer you a world of excitement and adventure. Which boat would be best for you depends solely on your needs. There is no right or wrong answer when it comes to which boat to choose, just go with your gut instinct. Hopefully, this article has made the decision a little easier. At the very least.

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I've personally had thousands of questions about sailing and sailboats over the years. As I learn and experience sailing, and the community, I share the answers that work and make sense to me, here on Life of Sailing.

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Sailboat Vs Yacht? 14 Things To Consider (Before You Choose)

Making a choice between a traditional sailboat and a yacht can often be difficult and maybe even a little confusing.

This is because the term boat and yacht are often used interchangeably.

In this article, we’ll assume a yacht is a boat that is over 26 feet in length with high-end materials used in its interior. 

Here are 14 things to consider when deciding between a boat vs. a yacht:

Table of Contents

1) What’s The Desired Use Of The Vessel?

One of the first thoughts to keep in mind is your desired use:

• What do you want to do with your new boat? 
• Do you want to go racing or deep-sea fishing?
• Or will you simply be cruising in the boat?

People looking for a boat to race probably won’t want to get a yacht.

This is because yachts focus more on luxury than they do on speed and maneuverability.  As a result, the amenities are usually heavier.

An existing yacht can be laid out as a fishing vessel, but it wouldn’t make much sense to do so.  This is because you’d have to change the deck area to make it more conducive to fishing.

In this case, it would be better to start off with a sport fishing boat/ yacht for this purpose instead.  Big ocean-going sport fishing boats are just a specialized type of yacht.

A cruising trawler/ pilothouse vessel is another specialized type of yacht that is less expensive than a large express motor yacht, and they can be just as seaworthy.

2) Amenities To Consider

If you’re searching for a boat that features many amenities, you may want to consider getting a yacht over the other types of boats.

A yacht will often have features such as large refrigerators, washing machines, and dryers.

A really big yacht may also feature recreation amenities like hot tubs and even full-size pools to swim in.  In fact, a mega-yacht might even have a pool large enough to swim laps in.

If you’re not into swimming inside of your boat, you can still take advantage of water features on your yacht.  I’ve seen yachts with koi ponds and even waterfalls built into them.

Another amenity that many yacht owners enjoy is a built-in movie theater.  These movie theaters have large projectors, plush seating, and can even feature porthole windows.

People can even get a good workout while out on their yachts in their own fitness centers.  These fitness centers can be as simple as a few cardio machines and some dumbbells, or they can be state of the art centers that feature everything a commercial fitness center might have to offer.

A sailboat yacht can also have these types of amenities.  An example of this is the Sailboat Yacht A, see here .   But sailing yachts in general do not have as much room for amenities as the same size of power yacht.

On top of this, a sailboat yacht is often designed for rough ocean passages.  The spaces of these yachts will be smaller, such a tighter galley kitchen.  This doesn’t offer as much space for cooking but it does make it easier to cook without falling over during rough weather conditions.

3) Comfort Vs. Bunk Beds

Motor yachts tend to be much more comfortable than the average sailing yacht as well.  This is because these motor yachts boats are usually made primarily with comfort in mind.

You’ll notice that saloon living spaces have leather couches and recliners throughout and that even the beds tend to be a bit more spacious.

Even the offices or navigation stations inside of a motor yacht tend to be outfitted with the most comfortable desks and chairs.

For people who are searching for more active comfort options, a motor yacht can have massage parlors, salons, and even saunas built into them.  A traditional sailing yacht usually won’t have options like these, but it will be more comfortable to sail in and to sleep in while out in rough seas.

One example is that a sailboat will have handrails and foot rails in strategic places.

On top of this, a sailboat will have bunks that are easy to get in and out of and that also have bed rails so that sailors do not roll out of them when the weather gets rough.

4) Sailing Skills Needed

When you’re choosing between a sailing yacht and a motor yacht, you may want to consider what your level of sailing skills are.

A yacht can be purchased as a sailing yacht or a power yacht but a sailboat is always going to rely on its sails for any long-distance voyage.

Also, sailboats can be purchased in a wide variety of sizes.

A sailing yacht is usually longer than 26’.  As a result, a yacht might be harder to sail than a traditional sailboat.

In fact, it may be impossible for you to sail a yacht by yourself.  People with larger yachts will have to hire a crew to help them out each time they want to go sailing.

Here’s our guide to how big you can go before you need a crew for your boat .

5) Where Do I Get The Most For The Money?

A sailboat can have a lot of luxuries and comforts built into it.  However, a sailboat doesn’t have to have these amenities built into it.  As a result, you can save a lot of money by purchasing a basic sailboat.

Yachts, on the other hand, will always have expensive amenities to consider.

Because of this, you’ll pay a lot more for a motor yacht than you will a typical sailboat.

Also, sailboats can be smaller than yachts so you have more inexpensive boats to choose from when making your purchase.  Yachts on the other hand usually start out well into the six-figure range and can go up into the millions depending on the size, age, and build quality of the yacht.

A yacht may also be harder to find in your area.

This is especially true if you’re buying a sailing yacht.  The scarcity of yachts compared to the abundance of sailboats drives the prices of yachts up even more.  This means that if you’re looking to buy a yacht in a part of the country that doesn’t have very many yachts available, you may pay an even bigger premium as well.  Of course, large motor and sailing yachts are almost always kept on an ocean coast or maybe the Great Lakes, no matter where the owner lives.

6) Ongoing Expenses To Factor In

Yachts can often cost more to maintain than sailboats.

This is especially true if you’re buying a motor yacht.  Boat engines require a lot of maintenance and the fuel costs can be prohibitive for many people.

For example, did you know that you might only be able to travel less than 1 nautical miles on a gallon of diesel fuel in a yacht?  Go on a long journey out to sea and you could end up spending a fortune on fuel.  A sailboat, on the other hand, will get you to where you want to go without hardly any fuel at all.

Even the insurance on a yacht is more expensive than it is on a sailboat.  One reason is simply because of its designation as a yacht.

Here’s a complete guide we’ve made with insurance cost for boats . It will help you get an idea of what to expect.

Insurance companies will charge more just because of this designation.

Another reason the insurance is higher is that yachts are usually more expensive to buy than a sailboat.  Because of this, yacht owners need to cover a larger dollar sum on their yacht than a sailboat owner does.

One advantage in ongoing expenses that a motor yacht owner does not have to contend with is the expense of maintaining, storing, and replacing the sails.  A sailboat’s sails must constantly be monitored for damages and stored safely out of the sun and saltwater whenever possible.

With a motor yacht, you don’t have these issues.

7) Distances Traveled Between Ports

Even large motor yachts will still have limits to how far they can travel between ports.

This is because they simply run out of fuel at some point.

Sailboat owners don’t have this issue as much.

A sea-worthy sailboat can travel for as long as the crew can manage.  In this case, the only limiting factor might be the amount of food that the sailboat owner can bring along.

For this reason, people looking to circumnavigate the world often opt to buy a large sailboat rather than a motor yacht.  This also saves them on fuel costs so they won’t have any distance limits due to budget constraints.

Even yacht owners that plan to travel along island routes may still have limits as to how far they can travel.  This is because replacement parts can’t always be found worldwide.

As a result, a yacht owner might end up stuck in one place while they wait for the arrival of a skilled yacht maintenance tech or a specialty part to arrive from overseas.

8) The Ability to Trailer The Boat

As we said earlier, the minimum size for a yacht is 26’ long.  The width of a 26’ longboat is usually well over 8’ wide.  Eight-foot is the maximum width that is allowed on many U.S. roads.

Even more lenient states will only allow for a maximum width of 8.5 feet.

As a result of all of this, it is impossible to trailer a yacht.  This makes storage and travels more complicated and more expensive.  It also makes it a lot less convenient.

A person looking for a boat that they can trailer will be better off buying a small sailboat. The mast could be taken down so that the boat can be taken through bridges and tunnels without damage to the boat.

In fact, a sailboat can technically be purchased in models that are small enough to be transported on top of a vehicle or within a truck bed.

These sailboats are highly mobile and can be fun to use recreationally.

9) Available Space On The Deck(s)

Sailboats don’t always have a lot of deck space.  This is because much of their deck space is taken up with the mast, sails, and rigging.  As a result, people looking for a boat with a large deck to hang out on would be better off buying a motor yacht.

A yacht is often designed with deck space in mind.  In fact, a yacht will prioritize lounging areas on the deck.  A large sailing catamaran will have much larger deck areas than a monohull sailboat.

Because of this, a yacht becomes a more social boat that is great for cruising and dock parties.

The downside of this, of course, is that you’ll have a larger deck to clean up each day.  A yacht’s deck often needs to be cleaned every day just to keep the saltwater from damaging it.

10) Cruising Vs Sailing

A sailboat owner gets to experience the thrill of sailing.

They get to become one with the boat as it heels on the water and runs with the wind.  This experience is a dream come true for many sailors.

For others, this experience is miserable.  These people may be prone to seasickness, they might not like the excitement of sailing, or they simply might feel like it is too much work to be fun.

Motor yacht owners, on the other hand, get to cruise along the water at a comfortable pace and they don’t have to rely on the wind to take them anywhere.  A yacht owner will travel in comfort but they’ll never get to experience the exhilaration that the sailboat owner gets to experience.

If you’re an adrenaline junky, you’ll probably gravitate more towards buying a sailboat.  On the other hand, if you like to relax on the water with your friends, you may be more suited to motor yacht ownership.

11) Crew Quarters

The owners of large yachts will often hire crews to manage their boats for them.

Because of this, you’ll find luxury accommodations on one end of the boat with crew quarters on the other end of the boat.

In fact, you may even find that larger yachts have captain’s quarters as well.

A captain’s quarters are usually well-appointed and the captain will have his or her own head on-suite.  Crew quarters are usually smaller and you’ll often have three crew members sleeping in the same room with bunks.

Sailboats can also have crew quarters but many of them are more democratized.

What I mean by this is that instead of several luxury quarters and a few crew quarters, you’re more likely to find a sailboat with quarters that are more even in size and capacity and you’re less likely to find berths with heads built into them.

12) Desired Length

It isn’t possible to buy a tiny yacht.  The smallest yacht that you can buy that is still considered a yacht is 26’ long.

Sailboats, on the other hand, come in many different forms and many different sizes.

You can buy large sailing yachts that rival the size of motor yachts or you can buy small sailing vessels that you can put on top of your vehicle.

This versatility in size makes sailboat ownership more universal.  Most people can buy a sailboat even with a modest income.  Yachts, on the other hand, are much bigger and much more expensive. 

As a result, you’ll find that only people with higher incomes or with a lot of interest in yachting will be willing to spend the money it takes to invest in a yacht .

13) Want To Join A Yacht Club?

Some yacht clubs are yacht clubs in name only.  These clubs will allow anyone with a boat to join the club.

In some instances, people can join these clubs without ever even owning a boat.

More serious yacht clubs will insist that you own a yacht.

In fact, they may even have minimum boat requirements.  For example, you may have to own a newer yacht or you may have to own a yacht of a certain size.

Here’s everything you need to know before you consider joining a yacht club . It’s a great guide we’ve made to help you understand how these clubs work.

If you’re looking to join a local yacht club, you may want to check with the club before you make your yacht purchase.

It would be unfortunate if you bought a brand new yacht only to find out that it was a foot or two shorter than it needed to be to meet the requirements of the yacht club.

Sailors have other club options.

A person looking to join a sailing yacht club may need to buy a certain type of sailboat.  For example, a sailing club may only accept sailors with monohull sailboats.

In this case, you’d want to check with your local sailing clubs before making your purchase.

14) Renting or Buying?

Yachts and sailboats don’t need to be purchased outright.  Some people will rent their boats for specific trips.

This can be especially advantageous for people who want to take a long trip on a yacht.

The reason for this is that the rented yacht might also come with a fully-staffed crew.  This crew will have experience with the boat you’re renting so you won’t have to worry about having them trained.

People looking for a sailboat instead might also find renting to be better than buying.

Here’s a guide we’ve made with a long list of examples on renting prices on sailboats .

For example, a person could rent a different type of sailboat each time they decide to go out for a day of sailing.  This gives them many different experiences and eliminates the storage, insurance, and maintenance costs.

In fact, even people who are looking to buy might want to start off by renting a few times first.  This will give the potential boat owner the chance to explore their options before making a long-term commitment.

Here’s another article we’ve made with more things to think about if you are considering whether to rent or buy a boa t.

Before deciding which type of boat to buy, it is a good idea to determine what needs you prioritize the most.  If you’re looking for an economical vessel to take on long-distance voyages, you may want to consider a sailboat or sailing yacht.

Otherwise, you could go with a motor yacht which might make cruising more pleasant.

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Yacht vs Sailboat: What's the Difference?

Explore the key differences between yachts and sailboats in our latest blog post. Perfect for travelers deciding on their next nautical adventure.

The world of boats is complicated to decipher because of how many types, models, and brands exist. Yachts and sailboats are two essential types of boats that are immediately recognizable by anyone. With that said, the yacht vs. sailboat debate ultimately comes down to several distinguishing factors between the two.

The main difference between yachts and sailboats is that sailboats have sails and yachts don’t. Sailboats are also smaller than yachts, feature fewer amenities, and cannot move quite as fast. Yachts are also much more expensive to purchase and maintain, and maintenance costs 20% of the initial cost each year which can cost tens of thousands of dollars.

It’s much easier to transport a sailboat than a yacht because yachts have to be shipped on a cargo deck. Conversely, you can attach the average sailboat to a trailer and tow it to a port. Follow along as we highlight the key differences between yachts and sailboats.

What Is The Difference Between a Yacht And a Sailboat?

The main differences between yachts and sailboats come down to size, amenities, and build . They serve the same purpose, but yachts and sailboats differ quite a bit when it comes to design. While not interchangeable, many prospective buyers struggle with whether or not to buy a yacht or a sailboat.

The yacht vs. sailboat debate has been discussed for decades, and it is ultimately subjective. However, many key differences can sway your opinion before you make a big purchase. Let’s take a look at the difference between yachts and sailboats and see why they matter.

Sails are the most immediately clear difference between yachts and sailboats. Sailboats always feature sails, but that’s not usually the case with yachts.  The sail on a sailboat helps propel the vessel and is useful whether your boat has an engine or not .

Standard yachts lack sails because it would alter their appearance. Yachts are supposed to look sleek and luxurious which wouldn’t work as well with a sail. With that said, sailing yachts feature sails and are more often used for racing than cruising.

One of the downsides of traditional yachts is that you don’t get the aerodynamic boost that you would get with a sail . If you have a high-powered engine, this isn't a problem, but it will have to work harder without a sail under poor weather conditions.

The average sailboat is smaller than the average yacht.  For example, the average yacht measures 78 feet long and the average sailboat measures 30 feet long . Yachts can be as small as 40 feet long or they can even exceed 100 feet long.

The world’s largest yacht measures 511 feet long and it is unsurprisingly owned by a multi-billionaire . Both yachts and sailboats vary in width depending on the floor plan and how many cabins they feature. Sailboats are generally slender because they feature a small galley and don’t typically include a cabin.

A superyacht is defined as a yacht that is 79 feet long or longer. However, you won’t find many superyachts out on the sea because they cost at least $3,000,000 in most cases.

Yachts are almost always much more expensive than sailboats. The difference in cost comes down to the many amenities that yachts are known for as well as the motor and size.  Yachts start at $500,000 on the low end, but they can exceed $10,000,000 for superyachts over 79 feet long .

The more expensive a yacht is, the more expensive it will be to maintain because of the fuel demands and part replacements. There is more variety in cost when it comes to sailboats because they are a broad category of vessels. For example, a sailboat with no motor will cost thousands of dollars less than one that is motorized.

A motorized sailboat can cost as much as $250,000 or more whereas one without a motor may only cost $3,500 . Luxury sailboats with cabins can cost $500,000 but without the powerful performance of a yacht. With that said, sailboats cost less to maintain so even buying a high-end vessel may be a worthy investment.

Yachts have a higher capacity than sailboats because of how much bigger they generally are. There are often multiple decks on a yacht which makes it easy to host a large group of guests.  Standard yachts can only accommodate 10-12 people, but large superyachts can hold more than double that in some cases .

Sailboats can typically hold 5-10 people, but it depends on the size of the vessel. You can calculate the capacity for a sailboat or yacht by multiplying the length and width and then diving that number by 15. Otherwise, you can simply refer to the capacity as recommended by the manufacturer.

It’s worth noting that boat manufacturers can only provide approximate estimates for capacity. They base the capacity on an average of 150 pounds per person, but that doesn’t apply to everybody.

Yachts are superior to sailboats when it comes to amenities in most cases. Sailboats sometimes feature a few amenities, such as a cabin or bathroom.  However, yachts are considered luxury boats, so they are more likely to include special amenities such as built-in speakers and even TVs in some cases .

Some yachts even feature swimming pools and hot tubs, but they come at a premium price.  They typically feature at least one deck to accommodate guests and some even feature helicopter pads . You won’t find nearly as many amenities on a sailboat because sailboats are more for practical use.

Larger sailboats may include a private deck and retractable sunshade. Otherwise, there isn’t usually enough space on a sailboat to include luxury amenities such as movie screens and infinity pools.

If you’re looking for a boat with comfortable quarters, then a yacht is ideal for you. Sailboats feature quarters in some cases as well, but yachts specifically emphasize comfort and luxury.  Some yachts feature multiple cabins that can be used for lounging and sleeping alike .

You will also find larger cabins in yachts than sailboats which makes them much more comfortable. Yachts also often feature crew quarters because they sometimes require staff to operate the vessel. Sailboats are usually much smaller than yachts, and the cabins are suitably smaller as well.

You won’t likely find many sailboats with crew quarters unless it is a motorized vessel . Many manufacturers let you customize the floorplan and design for a yacht or sailboat. You can add a cabin to a boat that typically wouldn’t feature one, but it will delay how quickly you get it by up to a year or more in some cases.

Performance

Yachts are also faster than sailboats in most cases because of the powerful motor . Sailing yachts offer the best of both worlds because of the aerodynamic boost paired with the motor. Sailboats can still reach high speeds without a motor, especially if the wind is in your favor.

However, sailboats are faster than motorized yachts in some cases and can even reach speeds up to 12 knots or more. Yachts can operate at 10 knots at least, but massive yachts cannot usually maintain a high speed for long.  High-performance yachts from bands such as Foners can reach speeds up to 70 knots, but that is rare .

Luxury yachts that measure 30-40 feet long can run at 30 knots in some cases as well. Otherwise, heavy yachts with an underpowered motor may only run at 10-20  knots.

It typically costs more to dock a yacht than a sailboat, but it depends on the size. Marinas charge varying rates to dock based on the location and the size of your boat.  Boat length is one of the biggest cost factors, and they typically charge $10-$50 per foot of the vessel .

Yachts and sailboats can be similar in length, but yachts are often longer and wider making them more expensive to dock. Many yachts are considered liveaboard boats which can also add to the cost of docking at a marina.  Marinas charge an extra fee if you plan to live on your yacht while docked, and not all of them even allow it .

You will also likely need to pay an extra fee to have your yacht or sailboat pumped at the marina. This is more common with yachts because they almost always feature at least one bathroom, but some sailboats do as well. Pumping may cost as little as $10-$20, but it’s better than having to empty your tank.

Maintenance

Maintenance is a reoccurring cost no matter what type of boat you have. With that said, you will likely need to spend much more to maintain a yacht than a sailboat. Motor sailboats may still require expensive maintenance, but it’s much less than for a yacht.

Yachts require routine maintenance to ensure that the motor and engine can continue to run smoothly.  It costs 20% of the buying price per year to maintain the average yacht, and that adds up quickly . Yachts often cost over $1,000,000, so you could potentially spend up to $200,000 per year in fuel and maintenance in that case.

Traditional sailboats only cost an average of $3,500 per year to maintain, but they can cost as little as $1,500.  Your maintenance costs may exceed $5,000 per year for a sailboat if it is motorized . Even still, it costs tens of thousands of dollars less per year to maintain the average sailboat than a yacht. It also costs much more to insure a yacht than a sailboat.

Sailboats can typically travel further without needing to stop than yachts.  That is because yachts need to refuel which can limit how far you can travel from a port. However, motor sailboats have the same distance limitations as yachts because they rely on fuel.

Traditional sailboats don’t feature motors so they can essentially travel as far as possible until the crew needs to return.  Sailing yachts may be able to travel further than standard yachts because of the aerodynamic boost . This can put less stress on the engine which can help save fuel to let you travel further.

Transportation

It’s much easier to transport a sailboat to a port or dock than a yacht. In many cases, you simply cannot trailer a yacht and you need to ship it as deck cargo.  You can expect to spend at least $1,000 to ship a yacht as cargo, but it can cost much more for long distances .

Sailboats are easier to transport because you can attach them to a trailer and tow them to a port in most cases. You can tow a sailboat with a trailer as long as it is 22 feet long or smaller. Otherwise, you may need to have your sailboat shipped as cargo like you would need to for a yacht.

Yacht Pros and Cons

Yachts are understandably desirable to many, even if they may seem unattainable. Even still, yachts are complicated just like any type of boat and they have various pros and cons. Let’s take a look at the positive aspects of owning a yacht.

First and foremost, yachts are spacious and comfortable which makes them better than most boats. They almost always feature a large galley and at least one cabin that offers plenty of room.  The luxurious appeal of yachts is that they come with many amenities making them akin to a mobile hotel on the water .

Yachts also feature powerful motors that are necessary to move their massive weight. You can fit at least 10 people on a yacht and over 20 on some huge models. This makes them the best boat to take out onto the water if you plan to entertain a large group of people.

• Comfortable cabins
• Plenty of deck space
• Convenient amenities
• Can reach high speeds

The high cost of docking at a marina is one of the biggest downsides of owning a yacht. They are so massive that spending a fortune on docking fees and club memberships is unavoidable. This is especially true if you plan to join a yacht club which can cost $7,000 or more per year depending on where you live.

Another key downside to a yacht is that they are a poor investment.  The exorbitant cost of yearly maintenance paired with the depreciating value after using a yacht makes it nearly impossible to turn a profit . It can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars each year to maintain a yacht depending on how much you use it and how much the initial cost was.

• Maintenance costs a fortune
• Expensive to dock
• Requires a lot of fuel
• Needs to be shipped

Sailboat Pros and Cons

Much like yachts, sailboats aren’t without their problems. With that said, sailboats are also incredible vessels and continue to improve with each generation. Let’s take a look at the pros and cons of sailboats.

You can easily maintain a sailboat without spending nearly as much as you would on maintaining a yacht.  That is because the engine on a sailboat is much simpler than one on a yacht which makes maintenance easier . You also get a boost from the wind as you move through the water with a sailboat because of how aerodynamic they are.

Another benefit of sailboats is that the engine doesn’t roar loudly likely a yacht does. This helps create a calm atmosphere for everyone on the boat which is essential when you are at sea. Most importantly, sailboats are inarguably much more affordable than yachts so they are easier for the average person to attain.

• Aerodynamic design
• Quiet operation
• Reasonably affordable
• Easy to maintain

One of the biggest downsides of sailboats is that they rely on great weather to operate at the optimal level. This is especially true if your sailboat isn’t motorized or simply has a weak engine that can’t keep up with bad weather. Sailboats are also usually much slower than yachts because their engines are less sophisticated.

They can also be difficult to steer in many cases, especially if you are new to sailing . You will also need to replace the sails several every 10 years or 4,000 hours of use, whichever comes first. Finally, sailboats aren’t known for having great amenities, such consider a yacht if you want luxury features.

• Can’t always reach high speeds
• Doesn’t feature many amenities
• Relies on great weather
• Difficult to steer
• Must replace sails

What Qualifies a Boat To Be a Yacht?

The criteria for a yacht are dubious and frequently, debated, but they typically measure at least 30-40 feet long . Yachts are also almost exclusively luxury boats that feature more amenities than a sailboat, fishing vessel, or pontoon. Most yachts feature cabins, a bathroom, a kitchen, a dinette, and a comfortable galley.

Yachts also typically lack sails, but there are sailing yachts on the market but they are a more recent addition to the world of boats. They also have a unique look that you can recognize right away even if you are unfamiliar with other vessels.  Yachts often feature diesel engines that are powerful enough to move such a massive boat, and some of them come with multiple engines .

Can a Yacht Cross The Ocean?

Not all yachts can cross the ocean, but many of them can.  It ultimately comes down to the fuel source and what kind of engine your yacht has . Yachts with multiple engines in particular can easily cross the ocean up to 3,000 miles in many cases.

It’s important to check the recommended nautical mileage of your yacht via the manufacturer before you attempt this. Many people live on their yachts, and in this case, supplies are an important factor to consider.  It can take over a week to sail 3,000 miles depending on how many stops you make and how fast your yacht is .

In this case, you will need to make sure that your yacht has enough food and supplies to last you for at least a week. Ideally, you should plan a route that will let you stop at ports to refuel, pump your bathroom, and get more supplies to last for the rest of the trip. If this isn’t possible then it’s worth reconsidering and sailing a different route if you’re unsure about your yacht’s capabilities.

Is a Yacht Better Than a Sailboat?

Yachts are better than sailboats if you value amenities and speed . Sailboats don’t always include an engine, but when they do, it’s usually less impressive than a yacht’s engine. However, the sail on a sailboat gives it an aerodynamic boost that yachts simply don’t have.

Yachts are a poor investment compared to a sailboat because of how much they cost to maintain. You may have to spend up to 20% of the initial cost of a yacht per year to maintain the yacht. Overall, yachts and sailboats both have many pros and cons, but sailboats are a more affordable option if you are on a budget.

Kit Evans is a seasoned marine journalist and naval architect, bringing over 20 years of multifaceted experience in the boating industry to his writing and consultancy work. With expertise ranging from boat design and marine surveying to charter operations and vessel restoration, Kit offers unparalleled insights into all aspects of maritime life. When he's not penning articles for top boating publications or hosting his popular YouTube channel, Kit can be found sailing his lovingly restored 1960s Columbia 29 on the Chesapeake Bay, embodying his commitment to both preserving nautical heritage and embracing modern innovations in boating.

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Guide to Understanding Sail Rig Types (with Pictures)

There are a lot of different sail rig types and it can be difficult to remember what's what. So I've come up with a system. Let me explain it in this article.

What are the different types of sail rig? The sail rig is determined by the number of masts and the layout and shape of sails. Most modern ships are fore-and-aft rigged, while old ships are square-rigged. Rigs with one mast are sloops and cutters. Ketches, yawls, brigs, and schooners have two masts. Barques have three masts. Rigs can contain up to seven masts.

'Yeah, that's a gaff brig, and that a Bermuda cutter' - If you don't know what this means (neither did I) and want to know what to call a two-masted ship with a square-rigged mainsail, this article is definitely for you.

On this page:

More info on sail rig types, mast configurations and rig types, rigs with one mast, rigs with two masts, rigs with three masts, related questions.

This article is part 2 of my series on sails and rig types. Part 1 is all about the different types of sails. If you want to know everything there is to know about sails once and for all, I really recommend you read it. It gives a good overview of sail types and is easy to understand.

The Ultimate Guide to Sail Types and Rigs (with Pictures)

First of all, what is a sail rig? A sail rig is the way in which the sails are attached to the mast(s). In other words, it's the setup or configuration of the sailboat. The rig consists of the sail and mast hardware. The sail rig and sail type are both part of the sail plan. We usually use the sail rig type to refer to the type of boat.

Let's start by taking a look at the most commonly used modern sail rigs. Don't worry if you don't exactly understand what's going on. At the end of this article, you'll understand everything about rig types.

The sail rig and sail plan are often used interchangeably. When we talk of the sail rig we usually mean the sail plan . Although they are not quite the same. A sail plan is the set of drawings by the naval architect that shows the different combinations of sails and how they are set up for different weather conditions. For example a light air sail plan, storm sail plan, and the working sail plan (which is used most of the time).

So let's take a look at the three things that make up the sail plan.

The 3 things that make up the sail plan

I want to do a quick recap of my previous article. A sail plan is made up of:

• Mast configuration - refers to the number of masts and where they are placed
• Sail type - refers to the sail shape and functionality
• Rig type - refers to the way these sails are set up on your boat

I'll explore the most common rig types in detail later in this post. I've also added pictures to learn to recognize them more easily. ( Click here to skip to the section with pictures ).

How to recognize the sail plan?

So how do you know what kind of boat you're dealing with? If you want to determine what the rig type of a boat is, you need to look at these three things:

• Check the number of masts, and how they are set up.
• You look at the type of sails used (the shape of the sails, how many there are, and what functionality they have).
• And you have to determine the rig type, which means the way the sails are set up.

Below I'll explain each of these factors in more detail.

The most common rig types on sailboats

To give you an idea of the most-used sail rigs, I'll quickly summarize some sail plans below and mention the three things that make up their sail plan.

• Bermuda sloop - one mast, one mainsail, one headsail, fore-and-aft rigged
• Gaff cutter - one mast, one mainsail, two staysails, fore-and-aft rigged
• Gaff schooner - two-masted (foremast), two mainsails, staysails, fore-and-aft rigged
• Gaff ketch - two-masted (mizzen), two mainsails, staysails, fore-and-aft rigged
• Full-rigged ship or tall ship - three or more masts, mainsail on each mast, staysails, square-rigged

The first word is the shape and rigging of the mainsail. So this is the way the sail is attached to the mast. I'll go into this later on. The second word refers to the mast setup and amount of sails used.

Most sailboats are Bermuda sloops. Gaff-rigged sails are mostly found on older, classic boats. Square-rigged sails are generally not used anymore.

But first I want to discuss the three factors that make up the sail plan in more detail.

Ways to rig sails

There are basically two ways to rig sails:

• From side to side, called Square-rigged sails - the classic pirate sails
• From front to back, called Fore-and-aft rigged sails - the modern sail rig

Almost all boats are fore-and-aft rigged nowadays.

Square sails are good for running downwind, but they're pretty useless when you're on an upwind tack. These sails were used on Viking longships, for example. Their boats were quicker downwind than the boats with fore-and-aft rigged sails, but they didn't handle as well.

The Arabs first used fore-and-aft rigged sails, making them quicker in difficult wind conditions.

Quick recap from part 1: the reason most boats are fore-and-aft rigged today is the increased maneuverability of this configuration. A square-rigged ship is only good for downwind runs, but a fore-and-aft rigged ship can sail close to the wind, using the lift to move forward.

The way the sails are attached to the mast determines the shape of the sail. The square-rigged sails are always attached the same way to the mast. The fore-and-aft rig, however, has a lot of variations.

The three main sail rigs are:

• Bermuda rig - most used - has a three-sided (triangular) mainsail
• Gaff rig - has a four-sided mainsail, the head of the mainsail is guided by a gaff
• Lateen rig - has a three-sided (triangular) mainsail on a long yard

The Bermuda is the most used, the gaff is a bit old-fashioned, and the lateen rig is outdated (about a thousand years). Lateen rigs were used by the Moors. The Bermuda rig is actually based on the Lateen rig (the Dutch got inspired by the Moors).

Other rig types that are not very common anymore are:

• Junk rig - has horizontal battens to control the sail
• Settee rig - Lateen with the front corner cut off
• Crabclaw rig

Mast configuration

Okay, we know the shape of the mainsail. Now it's time to take a look at the mast configuration. The first thing is the number of masts:

• one-masted boats
• two-masted boats
• three-masted boats
• four masts or up
• full or ship-rigged boats - also called 'ships' or 'tall ships'

I've briefly mentioned the one and two mast configurations in part 1 of this article. In this part, I'll also go over the three-masted configurations, and the tall ships as well.

A boat with one mast has a straightforward configuration because there's just one mast. You can choose to carry more sails or less, but that's about it.

A boat with two masts or more gets interesting. When you add a mast, it means you have to decide where to put the extra mast: in front, or in back of the mainmast. You can also choose whether or not the extra mast will carry an extra mainsail. The placement and size of the extra mast are important in determining what kind of boat we're dealing with. So you start by locating the largest mast, which is always the mainmast.

From front to back: the first mast is called the foremast. The middle mast is called the mainmast. And the rear mast is called the mizzenmast.

What is the mizzenmast? The mizzenmast is the aft-most (rear) mast on a sailboat with three or more masts or the mast behind the mainmast on a boat with two masts. The mizzenmast carries the mizzen sail. On a two-masted boat, the mizzenmast is always (slightly) smaller than the mainmast. What is the purpose of the mizzen sail? The mizzen sail provides more sail area and flexibility in sail plan. It can be used as a big wind rudder, helping the sailor to have more control over the stern of the ship. It pushes the stern away from the wind and forces the bow in the opposite way. This may help to bring the bow into the wind when at anchor.

I always look at the number of masts first, because this is the easiest to spot. So to make this stuff more easy to understand, I've divided up the rig types based on the number of masts below.

Why would you want more masts and sail anyways?

Good question. The biggest advantage of two masts compared to one (let's say a ketch compared to a sloop), is that it allows you to use multiple smaller sails to get the same sail area. It also allows for shorter masts.

This means you reduce the stress on the rigging and the masts, which makes the ketch rig safer and less prone to wear and tear. It also doesn't capsize as quickly. So there are a couple of real advantages of a ketch rig over a sloop rig.

In the case of one mast, we look at the number of sails it carries.

Boats with one mast can have either one sail, two sails, or three or more sails.

Most single-masted boats are sloops, which means one mast with two sails (mainsail + headsail). The extra sail increases maneuverability. The mainsail gives you control over the stern, while the headsail gives you control over the bow.

Sailor tip: you steer a boat using its sails, not using its rudder.

The one-masted rigs are:

• Cat - one mast, one sail
• Sloop - one mast, two sails
• Cutter - one mast, three or more sails

The cat is the simplest sail plan and has one mast with one sail. It's easy to handle alone, so it's very popular as a fishing boat. Most (very) small sailboats are catboats, like the Sunfish, and many Laser varieties. But it has a limited sail area and doesn't give you the control and options you have with more sails.

The most common sail plan is the sloop. It has one mast and two sails: the main and headsail. Most sloops have a Bermuda mainsail. It's one of the best racing rigs because it's able to sail very close to the wind (also called 'weatherly'). It's one of the fastest rig types for upwind sailing.

It's a simple sail plan that allows for high performance, and you can sail it short-handed. That's why most sailboats you see today are (Bermuda) sloops.

This rig is also called the Marconi rig, and it was developed by a Dutch Bermudian (or a Bermudian Dutchman) - someone from Holland who lived on Bermuda.

A cutter has three or more sails. Usually, the sail plan looks a lot like the sloop, but it has three headsails instead of one. Naval cutters can carry up to 6 sails.

Cutters have larger sail area, so they are better in light air. The partition of the sail area into more smaller sails give you more control in heavier winds as well. Cutters are considered better for bluewater sailing than sloops (although sloops will do fine also). But the additional sails just give you a bit more to play with.

Two-masted boats can have an extra mast in front or behind the mainmast. If the extra mast is behind (aft of) the mainmast, it's called a mizzenmast . If it's in front of the mainmast, it's called a foremast .

If you look at a boat with two masts and it has a foremast, it's most likely either a schooner or a brig. It's easy to recognize a foremast: the foremast is smaller than the aft mast.

If the aft mast is smaller than the front mast, it is a sail plan with a mizzenmast. That means the extra mast has been placed at the back of the boat. In this case, the front mast isn't the foremast, but the mainmast. Boats with two masts that have a mizzenmast are most likely a yawl or ketch.

The two-masted rigs are:

• Lugger - two masts (mizzen), with lugsail (a cross between gaff rig and lateen rig) on both masts
• Yawl - two masts (mizzen), fore-and-aft rigged on both masts. Main mast is much taller than mizzen. Mizzen without a mainsail.
• Ketch - two masts (mizzen), fore-and-aft rigged on both masts. Main mast with only slightly smaller mizzen. Mizzen has mainsail.
• Schooner - two masts (foremast), generally gaff rig on both masts. Main mast with only slightly smaller foremast. Sometimes build with three masts, up to seven in the age of sail.
• Bilander - two masts (foremast). Has a lateen-rigged mainsail and square-rigged sails on the foremast and topsails.
• Brig - two masts (foremast), partially square-rigged. The main mast carries small lateen-rigged sail.

The yawl has two masts that are fore-and-aft rigged and a mizzenmast. The mizzenmast is much shorter than the mainmast, and it doesn't carry a mainsail. The mizzenmast is located aft of the rudder and is mainly used to increase helm balance.

A ketch has two masts that are fore-and-aft rigged. The extra mast is a mizzenmast. It's nearly as tall as the mainmast and carries a mainsail. Usually, the mainsails of the ketch are gaff-rigged, but there are Bermuda-rigged ketches too. The mizzenmast is located in front of the rudder instead of aft, as on the yawl.

The function of the ketch's mizzen sail is different from that of the yawl. It's actually used to drive the boat forward, and the mizzen sail, together with the headsail, are sufficient to sail the ketch. The mizzen sail on a yawl can't really drive the boat forward.

Schooners have two masts that are fore-and-aft rigged. The extra mast is a foremast which is generally smaller than the mainmast, but it does carry a mainsail. Schooners are also built with a lot more masts, up to seven (not anymore). The schooner's mainsails are generally gaff-rigged.

The schooner is easy to sail but not very fast. It handles easier than a sloop, except for upwind, and it's only because of better technology that sloops are now more popular than the schooner.

The brig has two masts. The foremast is always square-rigged. The mainmast can be square-rigged or is partially square-rigged. Some brigs carry a lateen mainsail on the mainmast, with square-rigged topsails.

Some variations on the brig are:

Brigantine - two masts (foremast), partially square-rigged. Mainmast carries no square-rigged mainsail.

Hermaphrodite brig - also called half brig or schooner brig. Has two masts (foremast), partially square-rigged. Mainmast carries a gaff rig mainsail and topsail, making it half schooner.

Three-masted boats are mostly barques or schooners. Sometimes sail plans with two masts are used with more masts.

The three-masted rigs are:

• Barque - three masts, fore, and mainmast are square-rigged, the mizzenmast is usually gaff-rigged. All masts carry mainsail.
• Barquentine - three masts, foremast is square-rigged, the main and mizzenmast are fore-and-aft rigged. Also called the schooner barque.
• Polacca - three masts, foremast is square-rigged, the main and mizzenmast are lateen-rigged.
• Xebec - three masts, all masts are lateen-rigged.

A barque has three or four masts. The fore and mainmast are square-rigged, and the mizzen fore-and-aft, usually gaff-rigged. Carries a mainsail on each mast, but the mainsail shape differs per mast (square or gaff). Barques were built with up to five masts. Four-masted barques were quite common.

Barques were a good alternative to full-rigged ships because they require a lot fewer sailors. But they were also slower. Very popular rig for ocean crossings, so a great rig for merchants who travel long distances and don't want 30 - 50 sailors to run their ship.

Barquentine

The barquentine usually has three masts. The foremast is square-rigged and the main and mizzenmast fore-and-aft. The rear masts are usually gaff-rigged.

Faster than a barque or a schooner, but the performance is worse than both.

The polacca or polacre rig has three masts with a square-rigged foremast. The main and mizzenmast are lateen-rigged. Beautiful boat to see. Polacca literally means 'Polish' (it's Italian). It was a popular rig type in the Mediterranean in the 17th century. It looks like the xebec, which has three lateen-rigged masts.

Fun fact: polaccas were used by a Dutch sailor-turned-Turkish-pirate (called Murat Reis).

The xebec is a Mediterranean trading ship with three masts. All masts are lateen-rigged. I couldn't find any surviving xebecs, only models and paintings. So I guess this rig is outdated a long time.

A boat with three or more masts that all carry square-rigged sails is called a ship, a tall ship, or a full-rigged ship. So it's at this point that we start calling boats 'ships'. It has nothing to do with size but with the type of rigging.

More sails mean less stress on all of them. These ships use a lot of sails to distribute the forces, which reduces the stress on the rigging and the masts. Square sails mean double the sail area in comparison to triangular sails.

They are quite fast for their size, and they could outrun most sloops and schooners (schooners were relatively a lot heavier). The reason is that tall ships could be a lot longer than sloops, giving them a lot of extra hull speed. Sloops couldn't be as large because there weren't strong enough materials available. Try making a single triangular sail with a sail area of over 500 sq. ft. from linen.

So a lot of smaller sails made sense. You could have a large ship with a good maximum hull speed, without your sails ripping apart with every gust of wind.

But you need A LOT of sailors to sail a tall ship: about 30 sailors in total to ie. reef down sails and operate the ship. That's really a lot.

Tall ships are used nowadays for racing, with the popular tall ship races traveling the world. Every four years I go and check them out when they are at Harlingen (which is very close to where I live).

Check out the amazing ships in this video of the tall ship races last year near my hometown. (The event was organized by friends of mine).

What is the difference between a schooner and a sloop? A schooner has two masts, whereas the sloop only has one. The schooner carries more sails, with a mainsail on both masts. Also, sloops are usually Bermuda-rigged, whereas schooners are usually gaff-rigged. Most schooners also carry one or two additional headsails, in contrast to the single jib of the sloop.

What do you call a two-masted sailboat? A two-masted sailboat is most likely a yawl, ketch, schooner, or brig. To determine which one it is you have to locate the mainmast (the tallest). At the rear: schooner or brig. In front: yawl or ketch. Brigs have a square-rigged foremast, schooners don't. Ketches carry a mainsail on the rear mast; yawls don't.

What is a sloop rig? A sloop rig is a sailboat with one mast and two sails: a mainsail and headsail. It's a simple sail plan that handles well and offers good upwind performance. The sloop rig can be sailed shorthanded and is able to sail very close to the wind, making it very popular. Most recreational sailboats use a sloop rig.

What is the difference between a ketch and a yawl? The most important difference between a ketch and a yawl are the position and height of the mizzenmast. The mizzenmast on a yawl is located aft of the rudder, is shorter than the mainmast and doesn't carry a mainsail. On a ketch, it's nearly as long as the mainmast and carries a mainsail.

There are a wonderful lots of DIY changeability shows on the cable airwaves these days.

Rick the rigger

There are SO many errors on this site it really should be taken down.

First major mistake is to say you are no longer afraid of the sea.

One that truly gets up my nose is the term ‘fully’ rigged ship. It’s a FULL rigged ship!! Your mast names are the wrong way round and just because there may be 3 it doesn’t automatically mean the one in the middle is the main.

I could go on and totally destroy your over inflated but fragile ego but I won’t. All I will say is go learn a lot more before posting.

Shawn Buckles

Thanks for your feedback. If you like to point out anything more specific, please let me know and I will update the articles. I’ve changed fully-rigged to full-rigged ship - which is a typo on my part. I try to be as concise as I can, but, obviously, we all make mistakes every now and then. The great thing about the internet is that we can learn from each other and update our knowledge together.

If you want to write yourself and share your knowledge, please consider applying as a writer for my blog by clicking on the top banner.

Thanks, Shawn

Well, I feel that I’ve learned a bit from this. The information is clear and well laid out. Is it accurate? I can’t see anything at odds with the little I knew before, except that I understood a xebec has a square rigged centre mainmast, such as the Pelican ( https://www.adventureundersail.com/ )

Hi, Shawn, You forgot (failed) to mention another type of rig? The oldest type of rig known and still functions today JUNK RIG!

Why are so many of the comments here negative. I think it is wonderful to share knowledge and learn together. I knew a little about the subject (I’m an Aubrey-Maturin fan!) but still found this clarified some things for me. I can’t comment therefore on the accuracy of the article, but it seems clear to me that the spirit of the author is positive. We owe you some more bonhomme I suggest Shawn.

As they say in the Navy: “BZ” - for a good article.

Been reading S.M. Stirling and wanted to understand the ship types he references. Thank you, very helpful.

This site is an awesome starting point for anyone who would like to get an overview of the subject. I am gratefull to Shawn for sharing - Thanks & Kudos to you! If the negative reviewers want to get a deeper technical knowledge that is accurate to the n-th then go study the appropriate material. Contribute rather than destroy another’s good work. Well done Shawn. Great job!

Good stuff Shawn - very helpful. As a novice, it’s too confusing to figure out in bits and pieces. Thanks for laying it out.

First of all I have to say that Rick ‘the rigger’ is obviously the one with the “over inflated but fragile ego” and I laughed when you suggested he share his knowledge on your blog, well played!

As for the content it’s great, hope to read more soon!

Alec Lowenthal

Shawn, I have a painting of a Spanish vessel, two masted, with. Lateen sails on both masts and a jib. The mainsail is ahead of the main mast (fore) and the other is aft of the mizzen mast. Would this be what you call lugger rig? I have not seen a similar picture. Thanks, Alec.

Thank you for your article I found easy to read and understand, and more importantly remember, which emphasises the well written.. Pity about the negative comments, but love your proactive responses!

This vessel, “SEBASTIAN” out of Garrucha, Almería, España, was painted by Gustave Gillman in 1899.

Sorry, picture not accepted!

Thank you for a very informative article. I sail a bit and am always looking for more knowledge. I like the way you put forth your info and I feel if you can’t say anything positive, then that person should have their own blog or keep their opinions to their-self. I will be looking for more from you. I salute your way of dealing with negative comments.

Thank you for a great intro to sailing boats! I searched different sailboats because I use old sails tp make bags and wanted to learn the difference. Way more than I ever expected. Thanks for all the work put in to teach the rest of us.

Your description of a cutter is lacking, and your illustrations of “cutters” are actually cutter-rigged sloops. On a true cutter, the mast is moved further aft (with more than 40% of the ship forward of the mast). A sloop uses tension in the backstay to tension the luff of the foresail. The cutter can’t do this.

Also, a bermuda-rigged ketch will have a line running from the top of the mainmast to the top of the mizzenmast.

wow great guide to rig types! thanks

Interesting guide, however I am confused about the description of the brig. You say the main mast on a brig can have a lateen sail, but in your picture it looks like a gaff sail to me. How is it a lateen sail?

Hi Shawn, thank you for taking the time to share this information. It is clear and very helpful. I am new to sailing and thinking of buying my own blue water yacht. The information you have supplied is very useful. I still am seeking more information on performance and safety. Please keep up the good work. Best Regards

mickey fanelli

I’m starting to repair a model sailboat used in the lake I have three masts that have long been broken off and the sails need replacement. So my question is there a special relationship between the three masts I do have reminents of where the masts should go. they all broke off the boat along with the sails I can figure out where they go because of the old glue marks but it makes no sense. or does it really matter on a model thank you mickey

Cool, total novice here. I have learnt a lot. Thanks for sharing - the diagrams along with the text make it really easy to understand, especially for a beginner who hasn’t even stepped on a sailing boat.

Daryl Beatt

Thank you. Cleared up quite a few things for me. For example, I was familiar with the names “Xebecs” and “Polaccas” from recent reading about the Barbary War. I had gathered that the two Barbary types were better suited to sailing in the Med, but perhaps they were less able to be adaptable to military uses,(but one might assume that would be ok if one plans to board and fight, as opposed to fight a running gun duel). Specifically, the strangely one sided August 1, 1801 battle between the USS Enterprise under Lt. John Sterett and the Polacca cruiser Tripoli under Admiral Rais Mahomet Rous. On paper both ships seemed nearly equal in size, guns and crew, but pictures of the battle are confusing. While the Enterprise is usually rendered as the familiar schooner, the polacca Tripoli has been pictured in radically different ways. Thus the Wikipedia picture by Hoff in 1878 used to illustrate the Battle shows a Brig design for Tripoli, indicating 77 years later, polaccas were no longer common.

Lee Christiansen

I am curious as to what you would call a modern race boat with a fractional jib,not equipped for full masthead hoist? Thanks Lee

Thanks Guy: The information and pictures really eliminate a lot of the mystery of the terminology and the meanings. Also appreciate the insight of the handling idiosyncrasies “hand” (staff) requirements to manage a vessel for one that has not been on the water much. I long to spend significant time afloat, but have concern about the ability to handle a vessel due to advancing age. The Significant Other prefers to sit (in AC comfort)and be entertained by parties of cruise line employees. Thanks again for the information.

Gordon Smith

Your discussion made no mention of the galleon, a vessel with either square-rigged Fore and Main masts and a shorter lateen-rigged Mizzen, or, on larger galleons, square-rigged Fore and Main masts, with a lateen-rigged Mizzen and a lateen-rigged Bonaventure mast, both shorter than either the Fore or Main masts. Also, it was not uncommon for a galleon to hoist a square-rigged bowsprit topsail in addition to the usual square-rigged spritsail.

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What’s the Difference Between a Boat, Yacht & Ship?

Whether you are a brand new sailor or just wanting to brush up on some terms, it is essential to know what to call a particular watercraft if you’re going to fit in while you’re at the docks or out on the water. There are many nuances and subtle differences between water vessel types, but below are some of the main differences.

In general, yachts are either sailing or motor vessels used for pleasure. Yachts are often luxurious and equipped with an overnight cabin. Boats can be either propelled sail or a motor and come in varying sizes. On the other hand, ships are usually motor-powered and much larger than boats.

Some of the differences between watercraft types can be a little fuzzy, but once you grasp the main differences between them, it becomes relatively easy to tell them apart. If you have no previous knowledge of watercraft, you are likely very confused about what defines a yacht, boat, and ship, so I’ll try to clarify any confusion you might have in the next few sections.

Similarities and Differences Between Boats, Yachts, and Ships

The many bodies of water all over the world are home to an extensive collection of different watercraft. There are so many shapes and sizes that they come in that it is nearly impossible to fit every single one into a specific classification.

However, in the following table, I did my best to loosely define ships, yachts, and boats so that it is easy to see the differences between the types of watercraft.

As I mentioned earlier, it is impossible to fit EVERY SINGLE water vessel into a particular category, so there are tons of exceptions out there. In addition to the exceptions, different organizations, laws, and people classify types of boats slightly differently.

There is no universally accepted definition for ships, boats, and yachts, but instead many different sets of rules and regulations. In this article, I have tried my best to use the most commonly accepted definitions for each watercraft type.

Now that we’ve gone over some of the main differences and similarities between boats, ships, and yachts, let’s take a look at each type of vessel individually and look at their most prominent characteristics and attributes.

What Exactly is a Boat?

Boats come in a vast array of sizes and shapes. To many people, the term “boat” simply refers to nearly any watercraft, but there are actually a few restrictions and defining characteristics that all boats have. So let’s just get right into it and take a quick look at what exactly qualifies a vessel as a boat.

Overall Size of Boats

As I said before, there is a massive catalog of different types of boats, and they come in a variety of sizes. There are huge boats that hold lots of cargo or people, and then there are smaller ones that barely can stay afloat with a single person on board.

Typically, boats are defined as watercraft that are less than 197 feet long. However, most boats you are likely to encounter on the water are usually around 30 feet long.

General Price Range of Boats

Again, it is hard to accurately give a price range for all boats because they come in so many different sizes, styles, and types, but most modern boats seem to fall in the $1,500 to $100,000 range. 

Small Jon boats can cost even less than $1,500, while large sailboats and houseboats can cost well above $100,000.

Most Common Uses of Boats

Boats are used all over the world for a variety of different reasons and to do many tasks. Many types of boats serve a wide range of uses, but most are primarily used as a residence, for pleasure, or commercially.

Some of the most popular types of boats, such as sailboats, bowriders, and dinghies, are commonly used for enjoyment, fishing, racing, or other pleasurable activities. There are also many types of houseboats used as residences and commercial boats used for chartering or moving goods or people. 

Propulsion Method of Boats

Due to the wide variety of boats, you are likely to find boats propelled by almost every propulsion method imaginable. Some of the more popular propulsion methods for boats to use are man-power, wind power, and motor power.

Boats on the smaller end often use the power of the people on board to row or paddle, while larger boats rely on sails or powerful motors attached to the stern. Many boats use more than one propulsion method, either together or with one of them as a backup.

What Exactly is a Yacht?

Yachts have many of the same attributes as boats, but their quality, size, and luxury really set them apart. When someone says “yacht,” many people imagine watercraft that are SUPER LARGE, and while there are lots of massive yachts, many smaller boats also qualify as yachts, which might surprise you.

Overall Size of Yachts

There are many different sized yachts, and the rules regarding how big they have to be are not very strict. In general, luxury watercraft greater than 33 feet in length are considered yachts. However, boats smaller than 33 feet are sometimes called yachts if they are exceptionally luxurious and elegant.

There is no upper limit to how large a yacht can be. Yachts longer than 100 feet are often referred to as mega yachts, and ones over 150 feet long called are super yachts.

General Price Range of Yachts

Because the very definition of a yacht requires it to be very luxurious, they often come with quite a price tag as a result. There is quite a range of different price points for yachts, ranging from $250,000 to $50,000,000 and beyond.

Most Common Uses of Yachts

Yachts, because they are so expensive to maintain and purchase, are primarily used for pleasure purposes. Day trips out on the water are typical for yachts, although they often have overnight cabins, so longer excursions are popular.

Chartered yachts are also very popular, which bridges the gap between commercial and pleasure. Although, when you are on a chartered yacht, it is usually for the sole purpose of having a great time and enjoying yourself.

Propulsion Method of Yachts

Because yachts are considered very luxurious and often so large, they are usually solely propelling using motor power. Even if a yacht is on the smaller end of the spectrum, they often only use a motor as a means of driving the craft through the water. 

However, many large sailing yachts out there use sails and the wind to propel the vessel. So while the large majority of yachts use motors, keep in mind that some large and luxurious sailboats can be considered yachts.

What Exactly is a Ship?

Throughout history, large ships have been a helpful tool for many civilizations and have allowed them to transport goods and explore places beyond their homes. In modern times, ships are quite common and are used for a variety of different reasons.

Overall Size of Ships

One of the primary characteristics of ships that set them apart from boats is their size. Ships, especially in modern times, are often MASSIVE and are restricted to navigating only extensive waterways. 

Vessels greater than or equal to 197 feet long are often considered ships. However, most ships today are huge and often fall in the 1,000-foot range or larger.

General Price Range of Ships

Most individuals will never own a ship due to their extreme maintenance and the cost of purchasing one. While many smaller ships are far less expensive, most modern ships cost anywhere between $50 and $500 million.

Large and luxurious cruise ships can even cost upwards of $1 billion to construct, and that’s not even taking into account staff, maintenance, and other costs.

Most Common Uses of Ships

Ships perform many different duties throughout the world, but usually, they are used to transport passengers or goods over long distances. In addition, they are also often used by military, scientists, fishers, and a plethora of other professions and people. They are also often used for pleasure purposes, in the form of passenger cruise ships. 

Overall, ships encompass a large selection of vessels that perform many different duties. 

Propulsion Method of Ships

Due to their large size, most modern ships are propelled using motors. However, even though ships are equipped with massive motors, they are still pretty slow and often move at around 20 knots per hour, although some move much quicker.

While most, if not all, ships today use motors to propel themselves through the water, this was not always the case. Before motors were around, many civilizations used ships for military, exploration, transportation, shipping, and many other uses. During these times, ships were powered primarily by man and wind power. Even today, you can occasionally find a sail-powered ship, though they are quite rare.

James Gerard

Hi, I'm James! I started sailing at a very early age here in the UK, and have enjoyed so many opportunities to sail all over the world. I created this website to share the many sailing tips I've leaned over the years, so that you can also discover the joy of sailing with safety and confidence.

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What is the Difference Between a Boat and a Yacht?

Key differences between ‘boats’ and ‘yachts’.

Boats and yachts are two different types of watercraft normally used for a range of recreational and commercial activities. Whilst people tend to use these terms interchangeably, there are numerous distinct differences between a boat and a yacht. There are six main differences that you should bare in mind when looking at boats or yachts , to help you gain the best understanding. 

6 Differences Between Yachts and Boats

The first key difference between a boat and a yacht is their size. A yacht is typically bigger than a boat and whilst there is no strict definition of what a yacht is, the general consensus is that if it is over 40 feet in length, it is usually considered a yacht. Boats can also vary in size, starting from small dinghies to larger motorboats or ferries but as a whole are definitely smaller than yachts.

Typically, boats are used for more recreational activities including fishing, cruising and watersports. As well as this, they can be used for commercial use and transportation with cargo or ferries. This is why boats that aren’t ferries or cargo tend to have a smaller, more simplistic design. Each boat is designed specifically so they function for their activities. On the other hand, yachts are usually used for cruising, entertainment and pleasure. They are designed with a more aesthetic design in order to enhance the experience of passengers.

3. Luxury Features

Another factor that easily sets boats and yachts apart are their luxury facilities. In general, boats do not have luxury facilities and whilst they might have an underdeck area, this will only be small and not include any kind of ‘luxuries’. Yachts however are usually equipped with multiple luxury features including spacious cabins, full kitchens, multiple bathrooms, swimming pools, hot tubs, television systems and in some cases, even helipads. These are purposefully designed to heighten the onboard experience of passengers.

One thing you should expect to see when comparing yachts and boats is a difference in cost. Because boats are fit for a smaller, more simplistic purpose you should expect these to cost less than a yacht. You could, on average, buy a boat ranging from a few thousand pounds right up to £700,000 but a yacht would come at prices from about £100,000 to £10,000,000 . This is for many reasons including the size, purpose and functionality of a yacht compared to a boat.

5. Maintenance

Whilst it is important to consider the costs of buying a boat or a yacht , it is also important to consider the upkeep that is going to come with that. In general, a yacht requires more maintenance than boats due to them being larger and having more complex systems. They would require specialised cleaning, regular upkeep of their facilities including swimming pools, hot tubs, rooms etc and regular servicing of their mechanical systems. Boats would still need to undergo upkeep, but not to the extent that a yacht would. As a result, the price and work level are usually lower for boat maintenance .

6. Engine Power

The last difference to note between boats and yachts is the power of their engines. There are a lot of boats that won’t even have an engine, it could range from a small boat requiring manpower to operate to larger boats using wind and sails to move. Boats that do have an engine can reach quite high speeds and run for some periods of time, but their engine capacity is not comparable to a yacht. A yacht engine tends to be more powerful overall, which allows them to travel through rougher water and travel for very long periods of time.

Should I Buy Myself a Boat or a Yacht?

It is important to do your research about the boat or yacht you are looking to buy in order to make sure you are getting the watercraft fit for your purpose. If you are looking to partake in watersports or short trips, a boat is definitely more suitable for you. However, if you are looking for a more luxurious travel style then a yacht may be the one for you. 

If you are looking to sell or buy, Clipper Marine might be the perfect option for you. We have experience selling a range of yachts and boats and can offer our expertise when setting the asking price, marketing the boat to potential buyers.

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How To Tell The Difference Between A Ketch And A Schooner

A Definitive Guide

Sloops and cutters.

Let’s start off with the basics.

Most sailing vessels have only one mast  and would be classed as sloops or cutters. A sloop has one headsail, a cutter has two or more. Sloops and cutters can be either gaff rigged like the drawing here or bermudan rigged like most yachts. The majority of  yachts today will be bermudan sloops.

Where’s the mizzen mast?

In most cases it’s the after-most mast. A ketch or yawl has a main mast and a mizzen mast but on a two masted schooner or square rigger such as a brig or brigantine the masts are called the fore mast and main mast. On three masted square riggers and schooners the mizzen is the after-most mast. More than three masts? Lets not go there just now…

Ketches and Yawls

A ketch has two masts with the mizzen mast stepped before the rudder head.

If the mast is stepped aft of the rudder head the boat becomes technically a yawl not a ketch. Yawl rig tends to be used on smaller boats, ketch rig is often used on larger vessels, notably the Brixham trawlers and trading ketches of the last century.

The mizzen sail in a ketch is a driving sail, in a yawl it is more of a balancing sail . The mizzen sail is always is smaller, often much smaller than the mainsail. If it was the same size or larger the boat would be a schooner.

Why not take a look at our fantastic Schooner Sailing Holidays while you are here?

Or maybe just scroll past for the rest of this article and our ‘Learn To Sail A Schooner’ articles.

Schooners have two or more masts. The defining thing for a schooner is that the after masts must be the same height or greater than the foremast.

Two masted schooners are simply called schooners , schooners with more than two masts are called by the number of masts they have unless that is they are a topsail schooner. The American seven masted schooner, the Thomas Lawson had more masts than any other schooner but was the only one of its kind.

When Does A Schooner Become A Topsail Schooner? Any time a schooner has a square topsail it becomes a topsail schooner. They were once common in the UK and were just called schooners, a schooner without square topsails was called a fore and aft schooner.

In America the situation was reversed and  the standard schooner did not carry square topsails.

Sprit rig is usually reserved for dinghies but is also used on the Thames barges. The sprit is the spar that runs diagonally across the largest sail . This rig is not ideal in a big seaway because the sprit cannot be lowered and could become an unmanageable weight aloft. In coastal waters it is an extremely handy rig, the topsail can catch a high up breeze above river banks and the mainsail can be quickly brailed up to the sprit if bit of a breeze gets up (it’s like drawing a large curtain)

If you want to know more about its use in dinghies there is an article coming soon on our web site.

More ‘Learn To Sail A Schooner’ Articles

Learn to sail a schooner no.1, learn to sail a schooner no.3, learn to sail a schooner no.2, learn to sail a schooner no.6, learn to sail a schooner no.7, learn to sail a schooner no.8, learn to sail a schooner no.4, learn to sail a schooner no.5, tall ships sailing holidays 2024.

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Difference Between Ketch and Yawl Explained

When I was a lad, I thought they were all schooners, but they were not. The difference between ketch and yawl (and schooner) is determined by the position of the mizzenmast relative to the rudder pole.

Also, the height of the mizzenmast relative to the mainmast plays an essential role in the definition of ketch, yawl, and schooner.

Ketch vs Yawl vs Schooner

Ketch sailboat, yawl sailboat, ketch vs yawl – the bottom line.

Before we go down to the ketch vs yawl differences, we need to define a schooner, one of the classic sail configurations echoing from the Age of Sail , which is the 1600s.

Well, a schooner is a sailing vessel with multiple masts (more than one) where all masts bear either Bermuda sails, gaff sails, or a combination of those.

In application to the modern pleasure boats , we speak mainly about two-masted schooners . More importantly, the second mast, which we often call “mizzenmast,” must be the same height or taller as the “mainmast.”

Sometimes (and officially it is so), we call the second mast of a schooner a main mast, as it is taller, but the first one is the foremast then. I see no serious fault in either use of these terms.

The mizzen sail of a schooner can be significantly larger than her main sail or of the same size.

Schooners are usually larger boats, tall ships, and super-yachts. We can hardly spot a 25-foot schooner, but they are commonly 50-60 feet and up. Honestly, we can hardly spot a schooner as a pleasure boat at all unless she is a super-yacht or a historical vessel.

Schooners may feature a staysail or a few between the masts, along with or instead of the main sail. Ketches do so as well, while yawls do not.

Ketch vs Yawl

Just to cut it short, one image is worth a thousand words. So let’s take a look at the ketch vs yawl comparison , and we’ll cover the details below.

Once the mizzenmast of the two-masted schooner-alike is shorter than the mainmast, she is a ketch . Yet another cardinal condition to define the ketch vs yawl difference is that for a sailboat to be a ketch, the mizzenmast should be located before the rudder pole (otherwise, she is a yawl).

A ketch with two or more jibs is called a cutter ketch (in the picture above). Bigger ketches may carry triangle staysails between the masts, like for going downwind, which is not the case for a yawl due to the distance between the masts, and the mizzenmast being too small.

Modern ketches can bear gaff sails or a combination of a gaff sail and a Bermuda sail, but the latter we meet pretty seldom. Ketches way more often implement Bermuda sails on both masts.

Because the sail area of a ketch is split into two parts, the masts of a ketch are shorter than the single mast of a sloop, giving more clearance to pass under the bridges, and decreasing the load given on each mast, sails themselves, standing rig, and running rig too.

Ketches are widely recognized as way stable boats when in rough water and strong winds compared to sloops; this makes them idyllic for off-shore cruising. For day-sailing, you can use just one sail and jibs. That makes ketches very versatile sailboats, as you choose the best sail configuration for today’s voyage out of several options.

The complexity of control is a subjective con as well, real ketch-owners never report. The mizzen is smaller anyway than the genny and the main.

Nobody forces you to use all sails at once, but you have a wider range of options . Shorter masts and smaller sails are easier to handle once you sail single-handed. Logically, for a cruising couple, a ketch is simply the best sailboat.

There are no brand-new ketches in the market to buy one straight away from the manufacturer. For the mass market, boatyards prefer making sloops, but for having a brand-new ketch, you need a custom build. The same is about yawls, by the way.

And, we have found yet another beautiful pro for ketches somewhere in sailing forums: a ketch appears like a real ship rather than a sloop-ish big dinghy (ha-ha).

Boaters who tried a ketch do never go back to sloops. If you meet one, please let us know.

The mizzenmast of a yawl is located far abaft the rudder pole. The mizzenmast of a yawl is usually very small, even tiny, standing far abaft. Actually, it is significantly smaller than one on a ketch – the main and the principal difference between a ketch and yawl.

Yawl owners report they never want anything but yawl anymore, just like ketch owners do about their ketches. Many sloop owners, however, think about a ketch or a yawl as their next boat. True.

Yawls are as stable as ketches on the go, but you’ll meet different physics and behavior once you sail it because the wind force applies behind the rudder. Somewhat a rare-wheel-drive if you wish. Nobody calls sailboats “something wheel drive,” but we want to hint at an idea about how to sail a yawl.

Just because the yawl’s mizzen sail is behind the rudder, it can be used as a wind rudder. Many yawl owners find it way useful, as it adds a ton to stability, including but not limited to the downwind.

Some yawl owners say they also use the second sail as a stabilizer when anchoring, which you can hardly do safely with any bigger sail. I’m unsure if this even counts anything like a serious pro, but some people report they love it.

The mizzenmast standing at the very aft may sometimes complicate the installation of the wind-wane or a solar panel at the aft. Maybe a reason why yawls are, in general, smaller boats than ketches, and the former fit less for off-shore cruising (please don’t shoot at me).

Many boaters we have interviewed about ketch vs yawl say, “I love ketch/yawl because she is just more beautiful than my counterpart.” If you ask me, my dream boat is a ketch sailboat with a heavy steel hull, most probably a cutter of about 40-45 feet LOA.

The stability of yawls and ketches is pretty the same, if I may. They are not really “ketch vs yawl”; there’s not much space for being “versus,” but we think both are generally better than a sloop.

Both ketch and yawl perform amazingly in strong winds, having an option to run with the mizzen and the jib on, downing the main (the combo is called Jib and Jigger ).

Both ketch and yawl are cooler downwind compared to a sloop, but the letter wins the upwind performance. That is why we do not see ketches nor yawls racing.

There are so many reports of how the two-masted yachts (ketches and yawls) perform in rough weather. They are just made for this, as the wind force is spread, giving less load upon each mast and the rig, and then smaller sails serve longer and are easier to handle.

So, finding out the difference between ketch and yawl, I asked my teacher a long time ago: what was the best rig for the rough waters and heavy winds? He replied: A submarine.

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Hi, I’m Igor, Skipper of S/Y "The Hooker". A decade ago, I conquered my childhood dream: to be a sailing skipper, own a sailing yacht. Yes, it knocked dullness out of my urban life — Read more →

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Boat vs. Ship vs Yacht: What’s the Difference?

Language is a tricky thing, and picking out the differences between similar terms can be confusing. This is especially true when some of the definitions overlap. This is the case with the case of boat vs. ship vs. yacht . What’s the difference? We know in our gut that there are differences between these three seafaring vessels, but unless you’re a harbor master do you really know what counts as what?

Let’s get into some definitions, and we’re going to start with the easiest to explain: What is a yacht? What is a ship? And what is a boat?

Yacht vs. Ship vs. Boat

What is a yacht.

A yacht, I think everyone would agree, is fancier than a ship or a boat. “Yacht” infers some amount of luxury , and definitely recreation. There’s also something to be said about size. A yacht tends to be anywhere between 35 feet up to 160 feet. And some yachts, known as superyachts, go even beyond that. (Jeff Bezos just built a 417 foot yacht, but that’s really breaking yacht records.)

Because of the size, yachts tend to operate in larger bodies of water–generally the ocean. Yachts are able to handle rougher ocean waves, and they are also equipped with more advanced navigation and guidance instruments than smaller boats. Likewise, a yacht tends to have a full crew to help with the navigation, engineering, repairs, as well as having stewards that serve the yacht’s guests. This can be anywhere from a crew of four or five up to a crew of a few dozen on large yachts. 

One interesting thing to note is that outside of the United States, a yacht refers to a sailboat , and a motorized yacht is called a “motor yacht”. 

So, is a yacht a boat? Yes, technically a yacht is a boat. But a yacht is a very specific kind of boat.

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What is a Ship?

The term ship is most commonly associated with a very large boat, and something that is not as fancy as a yacht (one exception is that cruise ships can still be very fancy, but are referred to as ships because of their size and power.)

Ships are generally so large that they would never be found in a lake, with some exceptions for the Great Lakes, and are made for navigating the high seas of the open ocean. An ship can refer to a cruise ship, a naval ship, a tanker, a container ship, and many other commercial vessels.

Ships tend to have advanced navigation and technology, but much more advanced than that of a yacht due to the size, the speed, and the routes that a ship will take. They are meant to be traversing the open ocean for very long periods of time, from one continent to the next, while a yacht may only rarely set across the ocean and most often stays somewhat near land. 

A ship will also have a much larger crew than a yacht or a boat. Ships are typically so large that they need not only one trained navigator but a set of navigators, plus an entire engineering team, and includes many more positions. 

Finally, a ship is meant to carry things. This may be passengers, yes (in reference to cruise ships and some navy ships) but most ships are for carrying cargo–or even carrying equipment to do work on other ships including repair work or refueling. 

What is a Boat?

Well, a boat is harder to define, because a yacht is technically a boat, and a ship is technically a boat. But when people refer to boats, they are almost always referring to something smaller than either a yacht or a ship. Boats may be motorized, like a speed boat, or they may sail, or they may be man-powered, like a rowboat or a kayak. Really, anything up to and including a liferaft, can be called a boat.

(As a side note that will just muddy the waters even further, submarine captains are adamant that their subs are boats. They are not ships.)

So, Boat vs. Ship Vs. Yacht?

Ultimately it comes down to this: all three of them are boats, but yachts are fancier, larger, and used for recreation, and ships are even larger, used commercially or by the navy, and are meant to cross oceans. The dividing line is sometimes thin, but generally speaking, when it comes to boats vs. ships.vs. yachts you can go by the adage “ I know it when I see it .”

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What’s in a Rig – The Schooner

By: Pat Reynolds Sailboat Rigs , Sailboats

What’s in a Rig # 7– The Schooner

The schooner is another split rig plan, like the ketch and yawl, but really fell out of favor after having a very dominant place in sailing history for quite a long time. Early in the 18 th century on into the 19 th they became widely popular for their speed, versatility, and upwind prowess, which by today’s standards is not good, but at the time was surely better than the larger unwieldy ships of the day.

By definition, a schooner is a sailboat with at least two masts, with the forward mast (foremast) being a bit shorter than the main mast. Although a schooner can have more than two masts, most were just two. During the time of their popularity this smaller and better upwind set up allowed for a more efficient and manageable sailboat. It was the preferred choice of pirates, privateers, slaveship captains and others.

Although schooners filled a need at the time, they were eventually all but replaced with sloops and yawls that were even better upwind and easier to manage. The schooner’s two large sails weren’t all that efficient and there was a lot of sail to deal with. Perhaps yawls and ketches are still around mainly for that reason – the second sail is pretty manageable – a schooner, on the other hand, was (is) a lot of work and a lot to maintain.

In the other What’s in a Rig articles we made a case (or a partial case) for the practicalities of each particular rig, but the schooner doesn’t have any shining advantages over what came after it. Perhaps their contribution to modern sailing is to illustrate how it was once done. They are an extremely important element in the evolution of sailing and,for that matter, world history.

From the times of swarthy pirates to the racing legend America that ushered in a modern age, schooners ruled the oceans, so give them their just due. Maybe next time you see one, give a nod and say, “ thanks schooner, if not for you I probably wouldn’t be sailing this bitching J-boat right now. ”

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When Is a Ship a Yacht, and When Is It Not?

The difference between the two broad categories is determined by one key factor..

Yachts have been in the news a lot more frequently in recent years. There have been stories like when a Dutch yacht builder requested to temporarily dismantle an iconic bridge in Rotterdam to get a 417-foot-long sailing yacht commissioned by Jeff Bezos out to sea, or when authorities around the world seized the yachts of Russian oligarchs in the wake of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Usually, the most notable yachts have the prefixes super-, mega- and even giga- attached to convey their truly enormous sizes relative to most other privately-owned vessels.

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As a result, ‘yacht’ as a term has basically become meaningless just by the sheer proliferation of private ships in recent years that defy all potential superlatives. It’s like when you say a word so often that it loses all its meaning. Why are there so many more huge luxury maritime vessels in the world? Rising levels of global wealth inequality? Technical innovation? I don’t know. The Pangeos is the latest planned monument to ostentatious wealth. The 1970-foot-long turtle-shaped ship is the brainchild of Italian designer Pierpaolo Lazzarini. However, this self-declared terayacht is not a yacht by definition.

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The only distinction between a yacht and a ship is simple: It is the vessel’s intended purpose. When you enter a foreign country, every customs agent will ask, “What is the purpose of your trip, business or pleasure?” It is the same when categorizing large water vehicles. The sole purpose of a yacht is recreation. If the craft has any other intended purpose, such as naval warfare or maritime commerce, it’s a ship. The U.S.S. Gerald R. Ford , a nuclear-powered U.S. Navy aircraft carrier, and the Carnival Celebration, a 5,280-passenger Carnival cruise ship , are both ships.

The plans for the Pangeos might feature private vacation villas and apartments. However, the absurd craft would also include also shopping malls and a hotel resort, making the Pangeos a ship. The Pangeos, named after the prehistoric supercontinent of Pangea, will likely never be built due to the ship’s $8 billion price tag.

Besides ship and yacht, boat is another commonly used term. The definition of a boat is much more vague and open to interpretation. Boats tend to be small personal craft and only carry a few people. Though, it’s common for sailors to refer to vessels of any size or purpose as a boat.

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Difference Between Schooner & Sail Boat

Posted on January 19, 2016 by LibSchoonerAd

The terms, sailboat and schooner, are often used but rarely do people realize that there is a difference. One of the main ones being that sail boat is a general term. A sailboat is described as any boat that is powered by sails and wind. The thing is, there are several different types of sailboats and one of them is a schooner. Here is how you can tell the difference between schooner and sail boats, in general.

Sail Boat Types

A lot of sail boats are sloop rigs which mean that they have a single mast which holds the head sail and the main sail. The cutter is another type of sloop, but it will have a mast that is further aft as well as a staysail. If you have a two masted boat and the mizzen mast is located in front of the rudder post, you are looking at a ketch, which is similar to a Yawl, but has the mizzen aft of the rudder post. As you can see, when talking about a sailboat, there are a lot of different variations of the same type of boat. However, there is a sail boat that is barely a boat at all. The cutter rig is not an actual boat. Instead, it is a rig adapted to fit a single or a multiple-masted boat.

A schooner is a type of sail boat and the only one of its kind to have two or more masts with the one in front being the shortest of all. All other types of sailboats have larger masts up front and smaller ones toward the rear.

Racing Sail Boats or Recreational Sail Boats?

Most of the time, you will not see a schooner as a racing sailboat. They are multi-masted and most often, not designed to be fast boats. Even with the multiple sails that are sometimes attached to them. However, this does not mean that there are no schooners racing because most of the sail boats ability to race is dependent upon the sails that it holds high.

If you have a sailboat that you race, you will have a sail that when filled with air, billows out further. This also means that they have reinforcement around the Cunningham Grommet. It is necessary to have that extra support because of the extra air that is being held and propelling the boat at a faster speed. Smaller, recreational type sailboats do not need as much extra support or reinforcement.

With that being said, if you are looking for a racing sail boat, you will need to buy a higher priced racing sail. If you are not racing, you simply have to look for the size of sail that is right for your sailboat.

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Sailboat rig types: sloop, cutter, ketch, yawl, schooner, cat.

Naval architects designate sailboat rig types by number and location of masts. The six designations are sloop, cutter, cat, ketch, yawl, and schooner. Although in defining and describing these six rigs I may use terminology associated with the sail plan, the rig type has nothing to do with the number of sails, their arrangement or location. Such terms that have no bearing on the rig type include headsail names such as jib, genoa, yankee; furling systems such as in-mast or in-boom; and sail parts such as foot, clew, tack, leach, and roach. Rig questions are one of the primary areas of interest among newcomers to sailing and studying the benefits of each type is a good way to learn about sailing. I will deal with the rigs from most popular to least.

Sloop The simplest and most popular rig today is the sloop. A sloop is defined as a yacht whose mast is somewhere between stations 3 and 4 in the 10 station model of a yacht. This definition places the mast with two thirds of the vessel aft and one third forward. The sloop is dominant on small and medium sized yachts and with the shift from large foretriangles (J-dimension in design parlance) to larger mains a solid majority on larger yachts as well. Simple sloop rigs with a single headsail point the highest because of the tighter maximum sheeting angle and therefore have the best windward performance of the rig types. They are the choice for one-design racing fleets and America’s cup challenges. The forestay can attached either at the masthead or some fraction below. These two types of sloops are described respectively as masthead or fractionally rigged. Fractionally rigged sloops where the forestay attaches below the top of the mast allow racers to easily control head and main sail shapes by tightening up the backstay and bending the mast.

Cutter A cutter has one mast like the sloop, and people rightfully confuse the two. A cutter is defined as a yachts whose mast is aft of station 4. Ascertaining whether the mast is aft or forward of station 4 (what if it is at station 4?) is difficult unless you have the design specifications. And even a mast located forward of station 4 with a long bowsprit may be more reasonably referred to as a cutter. The true different is the size of the foretriangle. As such while it might annoy Bob Perry and Jeff_h, most people just give up and call sloops with jibstays cutters. This arrangement is best for reaching or when heavy weather dictates a reefed main. In moderate or light air sailing, forget the inner staysail; it will just backwind the jib and reduce your pointing height.

Ketch The ketch rig is our first that has two masts. The main is usually stepped in location of a sloop rig, and some manufactures have used the same deck mold for both rig types. The mizzen, as the slightly shorter and further aft spar is called, makes the resulting sail plan incredibly flexible. A ketch rig comes into her own on reaching or downwind courses. In heavy weather owners love to sail under jib and jigger (jib and mizzen). Upwind the ketch suffers from backwinding of the mizzen by the main. You can add additional headsails to make a cutter-ketch.

Yawl The yawl is similar to the ketch rig and has the same trade-offs with respect to upwind and downwind performance. She features two masts just like on a ketch with the mizzen having less air draft and being further aft. In contrast and much like with the sloop vs. cutter definition, the yawl mizzen’s has much smaller sail plan. During the CCA era, naval architects defined yawl as having the mast forward or aft of the rudderpost, but in today’s world of hull shapes (much like with the sloop/cutter) that definition does not work. The true different is the height of the mizzen in proportion to the main mast. The yawl arrangement is a lovely, classic look that is rarely if ever seen on modern production yachts.

Schooner The schooner while totally unpractical has a romantic charm. Such a yacht features two masts of which the foremost is shorter than the mizzen (opposite of a ketch rig). This change has wide affects on performance and sail plan flexibility. The two masts provide a base to fly unusual canvas such as a mule (a triangular sail which spans between the two spars filling the space aft of the foremast’s mainsail). The helm is tricky to balance because apparent wind difference between the sails, and there is considerable backwinding upwind. Downwind you can put up quite a bit of canvas and build up speed.

Cat The cat rig is a single spar design like the sloop and cutter, but the mast location is definately forward of station 3 and maybe even station. You see this rig on small racing dinghies, lasers and the like. It is the simplest of rigs with no headsails and sometimes without even a boom but has little versatility. Freedom and Nonesuch yachts are famous for this rig type. A cat ketch variation with a mizzen mast is an underused rig which provides the sailplan flexibility a single masted cat boat lacks. These are great fun to sail.

Conclusion Sloop, cutter, ketch, yawl, schooner, and cat are the six rig types seen on yachts. The former three are widely more common than the latter three. Each one has unique strengths and weaknesses. The sloop is the best performing upwind while the cat is the simplest form. Getting to know the look and feel of these rig types will help you determine kind of sailing you enjoy most.

5 Replies to “Sailboat Rig Types: Sloop, Cutter, Ketch, Yawl, Schooner, Cat”

Thanks for this information. I’m doing my research on what type of sailboat I will eventually buy and was confused as to all the different configurations! This helped quite a bit.

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Being from the south, my distinction between a ketch and a yawl: if that mizzen falls over on a ketch, the boat will catch it; if it falls over on a yawl, it’s bye bye y’all.

I thought a Yawl had to have the mizzen mast behind the rudder and a ketch had the mizzen forward of the rudder.

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After yacht sinks, experts say Mediterranean growing more dangerous

By Antonella Cinelli and Gavin Jones

ROME (Reuters) - The shipwreck of a luxury yacht moored off the coast of Sicily is the latest sign that the Mediterranean is becoming a more dangerous sea to sail in, climate experts and skippers say.

One man died and six people are still missing, including British tech entrepreneur Mike Lynch, after the Bayesian, a 56-metre-long (184-ft) sailboat, was hit by a ferocious storm on Monday, sinking in a matter of minutes.

Climatologists say global warming is making such violent and unexpected tempests more frequent in a sea used as a summer playground for millions of tourists, including a wealthy few sailing its waters on superyachts.

Luca Mercalli, president of Italy's meteorological society, said the sea surface temperature around Sicily in the days leading up to the shipwreck was about 30 degrees Celsius (86 degrees Fahrenheit), almost three degrees more than normal.

"This creates an enormous source of energy that contributes to these storms," he told Reuters.

The changes in "Mare Nostrum" (Our Sea), as the ancient Romans called the Mediterranean, are also being noticed by experienced skippers such as Massimo Aramu, who runs the Akua sailing school on the coast near the Italian capital.

Currently sailing around Greece, Aramu said he did not like navigating Italy's Tyrrhenian coast around Sicily or the Spanish Balearic islands because there are "often critical situations with little warning".

Last week, a storm similar to the one that sank the Bayesian hit the Balearic archipelago, which includes the islands of Ibiza and Mallorca, leaving several yachts washed up ashore.

Giuliano Gallo, a former skipper who crossed the Atlantic and has written several books on sailing, said the Mediterranean was becoming more like the Caribbean, which has areas that many boats steer clear of at certain times of the year.

"But things are less predictable in the Mediterranean," he said.

Another sign of the more erratic weather in the Mediterranean was seen a year ago when thousands of people were killed in Libya by flash floods triggered by a so-called medicane - a supercharged Mediterranean storm fuelled by warmer seas.

Karsten Borner, the captain of a boat that was moored alongside the Bayesian but escaped harm, said Monday's storm had been "very violent, very intense, a lot of water and I think a turning system like a tornado".

He also blamed more frequent episodes of intense heat during the summer months for playing a role in causing such storms.

"The water is ... way too hot for the Mediterranean and this causes for sure heavy storms, like we had one week ago on the Balearics, like we had two years ago in Corsica and so on," he said.

(Additional reporting by Gavin Jones and Giselda Vagnoni; Writing by Gavin Jones; Editing by Crispian Balmer and Helen Popper)

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What we know about storm conditions related to the Sicily yacht sinking

A “violent storm” sank a luxury yacht off the northern coast of Sicily early Monday, according to local authorities , who said one person was dead and six people were missing. Divers had resumed searching for survivors on Tuesday, a day after the 183-foot yacht named Bayesian sank more than 160 feet below the surface of the Mediterranean Sea.

Fifteen out of 22 people aboard were rescued. Among the missing is British tech entrepreneur Mike Lynch. Lynch’s wife was among those rescued, while his daughter remains missing.

The storm’s winds might have broken the boat’s aluminum mast, reportedly one of the world’s largest at 246 feet. It’s not clear exactly what type of storm struck the Bayesian, but weather data suggests it was probably a tornadic waterspout or severe thunderstorm.

What kind of storm appeared to sink the yacht?

Italian civil protection officials believe the yacht was hit by a waterspout, the Associated Press reported , which is defined as a tornado over water. Pieter Groenemeijer, director of the European Severe Storms Laboratory, said on X that it could have been a waterspout or a downburst, which is a strong gust of wind that comes from a thunderstorm.

No photographs or eyewitness accounts of the storm have emerged. Tornadoes and downbursts can look similar even during the light of day, let alone in the dark of night when the Bayesian was capsized.

What’s the difference between a tornado and a downburst?

A tornado is a narrow column of violently rotating cloud and wind that stretches from the base of a thunderstorm down to the ground, whereas a downburst comes directly from a thunderstorm that produces strong downward winds that hit the ground and spread out in all directions.

Both the rotating winds of tornadoes and the straight-line winds of downbursts can generate damaging wind gusts over 100 mph.

If the storm was a waterspout, then it was probably a tornadic waterspout, which are often as strong as tornadoes over land. There are also “fair weather” waterspouts, which don’t come from thunderstorms, but rather “develop at the surface of the water and … are usually small, relatively brief, and less dangerous,” according to the National Weather Service .

What were the conditions at the time of the sinking?

Weather model forecasts showed there would have been warm and unstable air overhead at the time of the storm, with low pressure centered to the northwest of Sicily. Such a weather pattern is conducive to the development of storms capable of producing damaging winds.

Satellite imagery and lightning data indicate there was an intense storm off the Sicily coast that was producing copious lightning at the time of the wreck. Private weather firm Meteologix said that “no weather radar data was available of the region.” News reports don’t indicate whether radar was available aboard the yacht.

In response to the sinking, journalist Andrew Revkin described his experience with a storm while at the helm of a 60-foot sailboat in 1980.

Revkin added, “it still horrifies me how serene things were for those aboard the sv Bayesian just hours before she sank in an insane squall” and posted what appears to be a photograph of the vessel in calm waters.

Did climate change play a role?

This particular storm can’t be attributed directly to climate change. But it did occur against a backdrop of record-warm ocean temperatures, which can increase the energy available to storms.

Mediterranean Sea waters are currently the hottest on record, according to London-based meteorologist Scott Duncan , who noted that “18 out of the 20 hottest days for the Mediterranean sea surface temperature have been observed in the last 13 months alone.”

NEWS... BUT NOT AS YOU KNOW IT

Putin reignites body double rumours with photo of his ‘fabulous cheekbones’

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Rumours of Vladimir Putin body doubles have been circulating for a while and now speculation is rife about the Russian president again.

Putin visited Baku , Azerbaijan, between August 18 and 19 to discuss Armenian settlement with the President of Azerbaijan.

But some people have noticed there is a problem with Putin’s face in comparison to a meeting he held with the Russian security council just a few days prior.

This includes Anton Herashchenko, a former advisor to Ukraine ’s government , who is convinced Putin appeared as a body double in Baku.

He posted: ‘Putin in Baku looks different from Putin at the Security Council meeting a couple of days ago, doesn’t he?’

Pictures and video of Putin taken at the security council meeting show his normal appearance but in Baku he looks different.

As he steps off the plane he looks like he’s had work done on his cheekbones because they seem plumped up, a visible difference from just a few days prior.

It leaves people wondering whether a body double was sent to Baku in place of the real Putin.

Putin in Baku looks different from Putin at the Security Council meeting a couple of days ago, doesn’t he? https://t.co/7q0jkxaEr2 pic.twitter.com/plY94YqJF8 — Anton Gerashchenko (@Gerashchenko_en) August 18, 2024

This is certainly not the first time rumours of Putin body doubles have circulated.

The Kremlin itself has even had to come out in the past and dismiss rumours  Vladimir Putin  has  died and been replaced by one of his body doubles .

It issued the extraordinary statement in November 2023 and insisted: ‘We have only one Putin.’

The Russian search engine Yandex has also seen record numbers of queries as to whether the 71-year-old dictator has died.

It follows a swirl of speculation the president died following a long-term battle with  cancer , with  one – or several – of his doppelgängers  taking his place.

‌A Japanese study using hi-tech AI science even suggested there are several Putins , assumed to be actors who have undergone plastic surgery and training by his ex-KGB secret service.

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