atlantic crossing west east sailboat

How To Cross the Atlantic, Routes and Timelines

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Before the time of ocean liners and airplanes, crossing the Atlantic used to be a great adventure that took a long time to complete. Nowadays, it’s very different; it’s still a great adventure, but the time it takes to complete has changed.

Here’s how long it takes to cross the Atlantic on various types of boats.

Looking at this table we can clearly see that the time it takes to cross the Atlantic has decreased exponentially. Some big developments were of course the steam engine that allowed for bigger and much faster ships to travel the Atlantic while also bringing a lot more cargo.

If we look at the Sailboats in this list, we can see that the more hulls you have the faster it goes (if you want to know more about how that works, check out this article)

There is not a significant difference in time to complete between the catamarans and the trimarans in the short run, but in a circumnavigation of the world, the difference can be huge.

A monohull on the other hand is slower, this is mainly due to the amount of drag this type of hull has.

This table compares different types of boats under the same conditions and adds an airplane as a point of reference.

Transatlantic Crossing in Record Time

Here are the records for the fastest crossings of the Atlantic in a Sailboat.

The 2880 Nautical miles(5330 Km) long route starts at Ambrose Light in New York and finishes on an imaginary line between Lizard Point and Ushant of the coast of England

As you might have noticed, there aren’t any numbers for catamarans since the classes are divided between monohulls and multihulls. Since trimarans (three hulls) are faster than catamarans (two hulls), there is no real point in racing a cat.

What you also may have noticed are the ridiculously high speeds these boats are doing. Bear in mind that these are racing boats optimized for speed and made to smash world records.

There’s a big difference between the 28 knots a racing trimaran will make and the 9 knots a cruising catamaran will.

What Type of Sailboat Do You Need To Cross The Atlantic?

Crossing the Atlantic can be done in almost any sailboat or ship. As a matter of fact, it has already been done in small rowboats and open catamarans, so everything is possible.

If your question is what boat should I use to get a somewhat comfortable and safe trip, well, then we have something to talk about.

Choosing between a monohull or a multihull has more to do with personal preferences. Some people really like the stable platform of a catamaran, and others dont think it’s a real way of sailing and wants to be heeling over to its side to fully get that true sailing experience.

For me? Catamaran every day, speed, and comfort, but I’m also not a purist sailor in any way. I’m an adventurist, and the boat is merely a way to experience adventures.

The size I would say matters, bigger usually means it’s safer and can handle bigger waves, although it might be harder to handle on your own I something happens to you or your crew mid-sea.

Most people seem to cross the Atlantic with a boat in the 35 -45 ft spectrum, which fulfills both requirements!

If you are interested in digging deeper into what sized boat you should get, check out my article on Best Sized Catamaran for Ocean Sailin g

Other aspects you might consider are the size in terms of space onboard , how many people are you doing the passage with, the more people, the easier operating the boat will be. This assumes you have a well-trained crew that you know well.

And what are you going to do once you get there, is it the end of your trip or is the beginning. If you’re doing everything just to cross the ocean and then get someone else to bring it back, that’s one thing. But if its the start of a long adventure, the requirements are different. You are going to want more space for scuba gear, and other toys.

I do think the most important aspect is that you have a seaworthy boat that it’s capable of withstanding weeks on end with sailing in many times rough conditions.

This means that your equipment spent has to be the most expensive and handy, but it needs to be in good condition, and you need to be able to handle your great in every weather.

What Gear Do You Need to Cross the Atlantic?

Not including your average stuff when sailing, such as life vests, etc. There are some great that you might not be on your everyday say m still that could be of high importance during such a formidable sail as this.

Emergency food
Satellite coms
Storm drogue (want to know what it is and how it works, read this)
Spare parts(tiller, sails, etc.)
Entertainment

Different Routes to Cross the Atlantic

Westward route: europe to the caribbean.

According to Jimmy Cornell, a well-known sailor and circumnavigator that has made his own research on the subject, Las Palmas is one of the biggest ports of departure for sailboats crossing the Atlantic.

Around 75’% of the sailboats that arrive in Las Palmas on the Canary Islands will depart for an Ocean crossing.

Getting to The Canary Islands, you should not be in a hurry; there are many very beautiful places en route. No matter where you are coming from this is a good stop well worth a visit.

Coming from the north of Europe, you have France, Spain, and Portugal. Entering from the Mediterranean, you have Italy, Croatia, Greece, and so many other interesting places that you shouldn’t miss unless you’re on a very tight schedule.

Once you reach Las Palmas, you can either go straight towards the Caribbean island of Barbados, or you can do a stop along the way at Cap Verde.

Planing a Stop on Cape Verde

A stop at cap Verde makes sense in many ways; for one, it makes the transatlantic trip more manageable by dividing it into two sections.

The second reason is that it gives you the possibility to stock up on fuel and water that you might have used more than you thought. Since Cap Verde is well developed when it comes to receiving boats doing this type of passage, there is no technical expertise on the island.

From Cap Verde, you can also take a direct flight to Portugal and onwards if the need arises.

Even though you might not plan to stop here, the recommendation is to at least plan your sailing, so you pass close to the islands, so if something happens, you can head to Mindelo port and fix it.

Another good reason why you would go close is that the further south you go, the better chance you will have of catching those sweet tradewinds that will take you safely and enjoyably to the warm waters of the Caribbean.

Westbound Route On a Catamaran

Sailing west is the preferred option for any sailor and especially if you are on a boat that doesn’t sail perfectly upwind, such as a catamaran.

Sailin g west and using the tradewinds is perfect on a catamaran, the sail will be faster and more comfortable than a monohull of the same size.

Looking at the 2019 ARC (Atlantic Rally for Cruisers), a 55ft french catamaran outclassed the 65 ft professionally sailed monohull with a 10-hour lead. All this while doing yoga on board, something that I can promise was not happening on the monohull.

The stable platform of a catamaran with the wind on your stern makes sailing west on a transatlantic passage perfect for Catamaran.

Eastbound Route: The Caribbean to Europe

Coming back to Europe, I would argue that the same principles are still valid: to stop at or pass by islands close enough to have the option of going into port if need, and using the tradewinds to your advantage.

Considering this, most people leave the Caribbean from Tortola, Britsh virgin islands, or St Marteen. These make great starting points for the eastward journey since they are the last point where there is plenty of fuel, spare parts, and food for the long and sometimes arduous trip back to Europe.

Though it is not necessary, many sailors make a halt at Bermuda; this is a good start to fix anything broken or wait for the right weather before your head on to the next part of your trip.

The Azores, the same goes here, you can skip it, but staying close to it adds safety and comfort if needed, and I would also stop by just to enjoy the islands. It’s a beautiful place and good for a few days of low-intensity cruising.

If you still have some energy left after the trip from Bermuda, one option is to head for a place called Horta. The place is well remembered for its hospitality towards sailors heading towards Europe.

Once you have refueled on diesel and energy, it is time to head for northern Europe. This is usually done by sailing north until the 45th latitude and then heading east.

When is The Best Time to Cross The Atlantic

Choosing a route has a lot to do with your intended purpose of the trip, are you going for a speed record, then going more north might be an option, and accepting the risk might be ok for you and your crew.

If you are going west but more interested in doing it safely and are able to spend a little more time out at sea, then the southern routes mentioned above with a departure date around November and December.

Going west on your way to the Caribbean, you’ll notice the days are getting warmer and longer; this is because going west, you also travel south towards the equator where the days and nights are equally as long be it summer or winter.

This weather window is to avoid the hurricane season in the Caribbean that ends in late November, these are the main risk and must be considered in your plan.

What Is The Best Route For an Atlantic Crossing

Taking into consideration the information above with trade winds, the possibility of breakdowns, and the collective knowledge of the area.

The best route for a westbound Atlantic crossing is from Las Palmas (on the Island of Gran Canarias) to Barbados Via Cap Verde. The best route going east is from St Marteen to the Azores Via Bermuda.

This is, of course, based on the assumptions we have discussed above, and it might not apply to your skillset or aim of the crossing.

Can You Cross the Atlantic Single Handed?

You can definitely cross the Atlantic on your own (short-handed). As a matter of fact, many do every year. Of course, this demands more of the sailor since there is nobody to ask for advice or to help while underway.

Neither is there anyone that will help you with handling sails or maintenance while underway; because of this, it is more dangerous and more difficult to solo sailor sail short-handed as it is also called.

The usual way is to either bring a crew of your own, recruit a crew from the port of exit, or find one online via crewseeker.net.

Is Transatlantic Passages Dangerous?

Sailing in big oceans is never a hundred percent safe. This is why it is an adventure if it was absolutely safe, where would the attractiveness and the excitement lie?

Looking at the data, there aren’t many accidents happening, and of those, there are even fewer that are deadly or leave the crew injured for life.

There are also ways to make it safer; we have discussed boat size and crew skills; other route selection factors are vital. It might not be the quickest to cross the Atlantic, but the southern route seems to be a safer bet.

Prepare yourself, your crew, and the boat, and the chances for accidents will still be there, but they will be small and manageable.

How Lonely Is Crossing The Atlantic?

Spending two to three weeks in the middle of the ocean can definitely be lonely, but it can also be the absolute opposite. If you’re sailing with a crew, you will share the same small space with everyone else, always bumping your elbow. If the weather is rough, you may all be a little tired, which also adds to the group dynamics.

But even if you would get sick and tired of your crew, there are ways to call back home. You might have a Satellite phone, which is expensive by the minute but a lovely way to hear the voice of a loved one back at land. Much better than a text message through Email.

Sending emails has been a pretty straightforward process since the SSB radio started to be utilized. This type of radio is very simplistic and has good reception up to thousands of miles .

The nice thing with this radio is that it allows for data traffic, which means not only are you able to receive weather updates, but you can also contact your family through Email.

Can You Get Rescued If Something Goes Wrong?

Yes, there might not be a coast guard or anything nearby, and you might be way out to sea, but there is help to get. Since every ship is listening to some set of frequencies, usually, the first step is to call for a Mayday on that channel.

If you’re not getting anyone’s attention, then they might still see you on the AIS, Automatic Identification System, which makes anyone around you know where you are.

Many times the crossing is done together with a lot of other vessels; this gives comfort as they might also be able to help in case of emergency.

If all this fails, you probably also will have your EPIRB, Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon , which is a gadget that can be activated through certain triggers such as water, tilt angle, or manually activated.

Once activated, it sends an emergency signal at different frequencies and relays the information back to shore for someone to come help you.

Owner of CatamaranFreedom.com. A minimalist that has lived in a caravan in Sweden, 35ft Monohull in the Bahamas, and right now in his self-built Van. He just started the next adventure, to circumnavigate the world on a Catamaran!

The Caribbean to Mediterranean sailing routes: how to cross the Atlantic Eastward

Countless boats sail the transatlantic route from the Caribbean to Europe each year, but you should not take navigation lightly because it must endure disturbances from the west moving east for up to 15-20 days. The traditional sailing ship path is called either an arch approach or possibly a stop in Bermuda simply to exit the trade wind system and enter the perturbations zone, where there would be enough wind. Let’s dive deep to know the sailing routes from the Caribbean to the Mediterranean.

Why crossing the Atlantic from the Caribbean to the Mediterranean isn’t the same as the Mediterranean to the Caribbean?

By early summer, the Caribbean’s prime season is winding down, pushed out by a barrage of large regattas. Then, when summer returns to the northern latitudes, the workers return home.

While most people concentrate on traversing the Atlantic from Europe to the Caribbean, the journey back to Europe or the east coast of the United States is as or perhaps more significant. The return trip may be more difficult, but it is also more diverse, and you should begin arranging for it as soon as you decide to go on a season abroad. The return path is well-traveled but presents a different situation than the way out. As a crew travels northeast, the days will grow longer, but temperatures will drop, and the climate can be highly variable and occasionally challenging. What should you consider while preparing your crew and yacht, and what is the ideal route and strategy?

The Azores High or the Bermuda High dictates the wind direction and the weather in the Atlantic.

Winds from the east are blowing against the south side of the high, which has the power to push tropical systems further west. From the eastern Atlantic to the Caribbean Sea or even over to the Gulf of Mexico, these easterly winds can carry them. That implies the Bermuda high’s effects are so profound that a hurricane may proceed in any direction—westward toward Louisiana, eastward toward the East Coast, or anywhere in between.

Taking the same route as the Mediterranean to the Caribbean (or a very direct line) would mean sailing upwind against tradewinds.

The weather window to cross the West to East is much shorter and more volatile than East to West.

The predominant winds in the northern hemisphere, more especially in the United States, blow from west to east in accordance with the rotation of the Earth. As a result, storms follow the jet stream in that same direction, making the weather very volatile. Thus, we get a very short window to travel in this direction.

Your chances of navigating very calm waters are high around the Azores High

The air is circulated clockwise by the high-pressure block of the Azores High, which behaves anticyclonically. Due to this movement, African eastern waves are pushed away from coastal West Africa and into the Bahamas, Central America, and the Caribbean, along the southern edge of the Azores High. Therefore, the chances of navigating very calm waters are high around the Azores High.

The best routes to cross the Atlantic from the Caribbean to the Mediterranean

Use our Sailing Distance calculator here

The weather plays a significant role in determining when to set sail, the route to take, and which sails to bring. The primary priority is avoiding the storm season from June to November. Hence, most boats depart in late November to arrive before Christmas, even though the tradewinds are typically stronger in January.

However, it is like humans to test the limits; some crews always depart early to extend the season. The sooner you go, however, the more crucial it is to maintain an easterly trajectory before deciding on a westerly route. Late storms from the west make a route through the Cape Verde islands increasingly appealing. It reduces the time spent in possible storm zones and provides a southern escape route since hurricanes seldom track south of 10°N.

Most sailing routes try to cross the Atlantic above the Azores-Bermuda High and head to the Azores islands.

Early in the season, low-pressure systems are more likely to be located further south; if you head north, you’ll often encounter headwinds north of the Azores. As summer draws near, low-pressure systems have a tendency to drift further north, and the Azores High widens, resulting in lighter winds as you approach the Azores.

The arch route going around the north of the Azores high straight to the Azores (Horta): the fastest and most reliable route

A yacht undertaking the west-to-east trip will eventually be overtaken by at least one front, and perhaps more, due to weather systems spinning off the US East Coast that can produce lows and frontal systems that can stretch well south. Therefore, the goal is to catch and ride favorable winds as far as possible. To do this, most boats head for the Azores to halt before choosing the best time to continue on to Spain, Portugal, or up to the UK.

The two stops route: head first to the Bermudas, then to the Azores

The most well-liked launching places are St. Maarten and Tortola in the British Virgin Islands; both are conveniently located and suitable for provisioning, spare parts, chandlery, and repairs. However, many crews stop at Bermuda on their way to or from the Caribbean, and this is a particularly wise move if the wind patterns alter three to four days out. Crews can rest, replenish supplies, have fun in Bermuda, and wait for favorable weather to start the next leg.

Going directly into the North Atlantic High straight to the Azores: a potential route for cruisers and yachts with plenty of fuel only

For cruisers, it is typically preferred to travel in a southerly direction, staying south of the Gulf Stream in light winds and adding extra fuel and motoring as needed.

What are the best Caribbean islands to cross the Atlantic from West to East?

One of the most well-liked launching points is Tortola in the British Virgin Islands or St. Maarten because of its convenient locations, chandlery services, and superior provisioning. However, several crews make a stopover at Bermuda, which is an excellent choice if the prevailing winds alter three to four days before reaching the Caribbean. In Bermuda, crews may rest, resupply, explore the island, and await a window of favorable weather conditions for the next round.

Read also: BVI Hurricane Season – Everything You Have to Know

What is the best time of the year to cross the Atlantic from the Caribbean to Europe?

Some people consider an Atlantic crossing or circuit to take a full year. It starts with a trip from Europe to the Caribbean in late November or early December and the yacht circle back in Europe in April/May to start enjoying the Mediterranean again summer time.

There are valid reasons for this schedule, the most important being the hurricane season. So this spans from the start of June until the conclusion of November. Hurricanes can occur beyond the ‘official season,’ although uncommon; yet, the previous three years have all had named storms during May.

What does your yacht need to have to cross the Atlantic from the Caribbean to the Mediterranean?

You should include essential spares, like pump and autopilot components. Moreover, replace any you may have used after your Atlantic voyage. Spare parts transportation to the Azores may be challenging and time-consuming.

A thorough inspection of the rigging before departure is required. Your standing and running rigging will have already traversed thousands of bright, salty miles. Likewise, the returning transatlantic trip will need you to remain days at a time on a single tack, so anticipate chafing on sheets and halyards. A skilled rigging inspection could be well worth the investment. However, if you perform it yourself, examine every piece.

In addition to bringing additional gasoline in jerry cans or flexible tanks, don’t forget to stock up on engine fuel filters and Racor water separator filters to prevent fuel supply difficulties. On most crossings, you seldom use the engine. But, when the wind is low, it’s excellent to push through a wind hole and get into the wind on the other side; more gasoline offers you more alternatives. Consider purchasing a portable transfer pump since wrangling funnels and pouring fuel at sea are filthy and cumbersome tasks.

Read also: 10 Sailing Myths And Bad Advice You Shouldn’t Listen To

How long does it take to cross the Atlantic from West to East?

On average, you will spend between three and four weeks sailing across the Atlantic Ocean. However, it is possible to finish in two weeks if you are fortunate, find shortcuts, and have a speedy sailboat. If there is insufficient wind for one week or longer, it may take as long as a month.

How hard is the sailing experience of crossing the Atlantic eastward?

Before setting sail across the Atlantic Ocean, you should be knowledgeable of and well equipped for the following circumstances and dangers:

A lengthy travel
Large waves
severe weather, such as hurricanes (depending on when you set sail)
Collisions involving cargo ships and vessels

How experienced do you have to be to cross the Atlantic from the Caribbean to the Mediterranean on your own?

Crossing the Atlantic requires a solid, well-equipped vessel and a great deal of sailing expertise and talent. You will require expertise in weather forecasting, awareness of weather conditions, and familiarity with charts and course planning.

Can you charter a yacht for a transatlantic sailing trip from the Caribbean to the Mediterranean?

Transatlantic voyages are not just unique but also exhilarating experiences altogether. For many sailors, crossing the approximately 2,850nm (Canaries) – 3,200nm (Western France) distance across the Atlantic is a “must do experience of a lifetime.” It is an amazing yacht charter journey of a lifetime. The most seasoned, daring, and keen sailors are invited to participate in this yacht charter experience if they want to challenge themselves or just go on a brand-new sailing adventure. After an Atlantic crossing, we can surely say that yacht charters are no longer the same. Take advantage of these exclusive yachting vacation packages right away.

You can pick the yacht charter as sailing catamarans between 40 – 62′ or sailing yachts between 40-65′. You can visit a range of amazing destinations such as Saint Thomas, Saint Martin, Barbados, Portugal or even Spain.

Read also: Five Easy Beginners-Friendly Sailing Trips And Destinations

The Caribbean to the Mediterranean sailing route is lengthy. But it is worthwhile to those who complete it to the other side. The pleasure and feeling of success you will feel after completing the crossing will more than compensate for the months of planning and the difficulties you will undoubtedly encounter on the way.

If you are planning to traverse the Atlantic, good luck!

Monitor the Path of Lows

Using weather fax you can monitor the position of the Jet Stream (top map) and particularly the 564mb contour (in bold). As you can see by comparing the two maps, lows and particularly gales generally follow about the same path as this contour. The Jet Stream is a long way south at the moment so I would stay well south too.

As the lows rumble up on my port (hopefully) quarter I would then use GRIB wind field and pressure files (not shown) to refine my course to try, as far as possible, to stay close enough to the lows to have good fair winds but far enough away to avoid gale or storm force winds.

And if I was in a sailboat, as I got further east I would watch the position of the Bermuda/Azores high to make sure I did not get too far into it and lose the wind.

Look Out For the Gulf Stream

Since we are cruising and not racing, I would de-emphasize the Gulf Stream except to make sure that I did not inadvertently get into a wind-against-current situation. I can tell you from my ocean racing navigator days that given the choice of sailing toward a fair current or a fair wind, the fair wind wins every time. Of course, both at once are nice.

And I would be careful of using the Gulf Stream. As you can see on the chart, it is not just a nice simple river of water heading the way we want to go. There are plenty of eddies and meanders that can deliver a foul current, and even 30 knots of wind apposing the current will quickly generate truly dangerous breaking seas.

There is also a higher chance of thunder storms and other violent weather in the Stream due to temperature differentials.

Stay Out of Ice

As you can see, the ice is a long way south at the moment. In fact, this is one of the worst ice seasons in years.

I would stay south of the ice line. Even if the ice was further north, I would stay well south of the Grand Banks, to avoid excessive fog. Though I am experienced in both ice and fog, life is too short to go looking for trouble just to save a few miles.

So in summary, and going back to your original question, your basic strategy is a good one and yes, given all the factors above, I would stay well south of the great circle. In fact, I would not even think about the great circle. Getting stuck in one gale on the nose for several days will more than wipe out any gains to be had from a shorter distance.

Passage Planning Child Topics:

North Atlantic

Yachting Monthly

Digital edition

How to sail across the Atlantic and back

Elaine Bunting
March 8, 2021

Confined to quarters during the pandemic, many sailors are itching to slip their lines and sail for the sun. Elaine Bunting explains exactly how to break free and sail across the Atlantic and back

If your dream is sailing off into the sunset, making it a reality could be easier than you think

Just as the island of Hiddensee drew across the wake of the boat, Malin Andersson took up her camera and shot a video, writes Elaine Bunting .

When she looks at it now, a late summer scene from the Baltic coast of Germany, she remembers it as the instant she knew for certain she was right to think of leaving work to go cruising.

Malin and her partner Kaj Maass, both from Sweden and aged in their late twenties, met as students and formed a plan to take a year off before starting a family.

After years of scrimping, they bought a Bavaria 38 and renamed her Cross Ocean .

With the last tiny island of a summer cruise behind them, they began to prepare to sail across the Atlantic and back, and a year of adventure.

‘From then, we have never had a moment of regret about setting off,’ she says.

Each year, hundreds of yachtsmen of all ages sail across the Atlantic.

Some have only a few months of freedom, others plan to cruise indefinitely.

Their ambitions shape diverse choices in terms of boat design and preparations.

Here, we look at some of the biggest considerations if that is your goal, too.

What’s the right boat to sail across the Atlantic?

A good place to start might be with the question: can I sail across the Atlantic and back in the yacht I have now?

In most cases, the answer is yes.

Almost any well-prepared yacht of 30ft and upwards can tackle the downwind crossing, and indeed there is no reason why an even smaller boat can’t do it successfully.

People have crossed in Folkboats; the legendary American sailor Webb Chiles sailed across the Pacific in a converted 24ft dayboat, and some masochistic adventurers have crossed oceans in micro yachts not even long enough for them to stretch out in.

Two sailors I have repeatedly met over the years are Swedes Pekka and Barbro Karlsson.

They first crossed the Atlantic in 1986 in their 32ft Arvid Lauren-designed double-ender, Corona AQ .

A woman and two men sitting on the deck of their yacht

Pekka and Barbo Karisson have sailed their 32ft double ender across the Atlantic multiple times over 30 years. Credit: World Cruising Club

Over the last 30 years, they have made multiple crossings back and forth, observing boats getting ever larger, even of the same LOA as theirs.

By comparison, theirs is dwarfed in every dimension, including beam and freeboard, yet it has everything this experienced couple need for living on board for six or more months every year.

So, really, it is a matter of cost, preference and expectation.

The big question is whether your current yacht is the best tool for the job given your budget.

Is it large enough for the crew you intend for longer passages, for the provisions, fuel and water?

A 35-footer might take 25-28 days to sail across the Atlantic from the Canaries to the West Indies.

Obviously, the longer and faster your boat is, the more stowage and water tankage you will have for less time at sea.

You might also ask yourself which parts of the adventure are the most valuable to you.

You will need a solid yacht to sail across the Atlantic

A solid yacht set up for bluewater cruising is a good option and can be sold once you return home. Credit: Tor Johnson

If you don’t intend to do the more arduous return home to Europe, maybe you don’t need a bigger, more expensive, more complex long-legged bluewater cruiser; you could consider shipping back – more on that option later.

If you intend to live on board for longer, then perhaps you will want more space, including for guests, greater comforts and faster passage times.

In that case, one solution might be to buy for the duration of the project a second-hand bluewater cruiser already well kitted out with the right gear, then sell her right afterwards.

‘I think that makes total sense,’ says Sue Grant, managing director of Berthon International, the well-known brokers specialising in bluewater cruisers.

‘The best thing you can do for a North Atlantic circuit is to buy from the guy who had the dream, had the money and didn’t go. A refit will always cost you more than you think.’

For a two- to three-season transocean cruise, Grant advocates stretching up to your next level, especially to a yacht that doesn’t need a big refit and brands with a strong residual value.

‘If you buy a high-quality Hallberg-Rassy or an Oyster then sell it you’d lose 10% of value but have three years for it.’

Buy a boat you will enjoy

While in the Azores in 2012 I met Stuart and Anne Letton, who were sailing their Island Packet 45, Time Bandit , back to the UK.

Their boat was brimming with sensible ideas for living aboard and I have kept in touch with them over the years as they are a wonderful source of thoughtful advice.

Since then they have sold the Island Packet , bought an Outremer 51 catamaran, sailed across the Atlantic again, and are presently in Indonesia having sailed across the Pacific.

In total, they have now logged a very impressive 60,000 miles.

A couple on the trampoline of their catamaran

Catamarans are increasingly popular thanks to their speed and space. Credit: Stuart & Anne Letton

‘Before we went cruising, I spent a lot of time looking at what would be the best, safest mode of transport. I wanted a proven, tough, sturdy, bombproof ocean cruiser, hence Time Bandit [the Island Packet], the “Beige Battleship”,’ says Stuart.

‘Having spent my sailing career racing performance dinghies and keel boats, this was something of a departure for me. It was safe. And a bit boring. However, the reality is you all end up in the same place, give or take a few days. With reflection, though, I’d say, buy a boat that will make you happy, one that reflects your sailing style and capabilities. We opted for slow but safe and used the safe features a handful of days in 10 years. Those were years we could have been enjoying more rewarding sailing.

‘Buy what you will enjoy, can afford and are able to keep running. Do the maths on running costs, rig, insurance and repairs, and work that into the budget.’

Asked about their ideas of the ideal size for a couple, the Lettons comment: ‘Generally I’d say bigger is better, but the costs are exponential. Personally, for two up, I think around 40-45ft feet is a good size: big enough to be safe and comfortable, small enough to manage.’

Tips on how to sail across the Atlantic from Stuart & Anne Letton

The couple own the Outremer 51, Time Bandit and have completed four Atlantic crossings and sailed 60,000 miles

Stuart and Anne Letton.

‘Being very well set up for dead downwind sailing is important, especially well thought-out preventers, fore and aft on the spinnaker pole and main boom.

‘An asymmetric or spinnaker will keep you moving in lighter air.

‘Save on gas with a Thermal Cookpot and get as much free power from water and sun as you can.

‘Trade in your trusty CQR or Bruce anchor for a spade or similar “new technology” anchor .

Is a bigger boat better for crossing the Atlantic?

Like the Lettons, I think 40-45ft is something of a sweet spot, offering the volume and tankage required for longer cruising, yet still manageable by a small crew.

Bigger has its advantages, even up to 55ft (above that the loads become too large to handle manually and maintenance is a massive chore for a family crew, requiring significant time and budget).

The waterline length and extra speed will be your friend, most of the time.

Speed is your ally in evading bad weather, and if you are sailing to a schedule.

A yacht anchored in a bay with a palm tree

The Witt family sailed around the world as part of the World Cruising Club World ARC

Karsten Witt and his wife, Sheila, circumnavigated in the World ARC in their X-55 Gunvør XL , and he says: ‘It was hardest work for the smaller or slower boats. They are at sea longer, therefore experience more and sometimes harder weather, arrive later in port, get more tired and have less time to make repairs and bank downtime.

‘I would always go for a modern boat that’s faster,’ he adds.

‘If you had a heavy 40ft cruiser you would miss weather windows. Other boats spend days battling headwinds because they were doing 6-7 knots upwind and they couldn’t point. We averaged 200 miles a day every day, so in five days were a long way away and in completely different weather.’

But you certainly don’t need a large or expensive yacht, just a well-prepared one.

Starting with the basics: safety gear, fire and gas installations, good sails with deep reefs, in date and inspected rig, winches and all machinery serviced, and power and battery systems upgraded if necessary, plus full inspection of keel fastenings and rudder, skeg and bearings.

After that, you really need to know how everything on board works, how you’d repair or service it and, if you can’t, how you would manage without.

A crew on a yacht about to sail across the Atlantic on the ARC

Karsten and Sheila Witt and family enjoyed the extra pace and comfort of their X-55. Credit: World Cruising Club

Only after considering that is it worth adding complexity.

Multiple power generation systems, including hydro-generator and solar panels, watermakers, diesel generators and WiFi networks.

Mark Matthews is marine surveyor who ran Professional Yacht Deliveries for 12 years, a company that moves around 200 yachts and averages 350,000 miles a year.

When he made his own Atlantic crossing, it was in a 42ft production yacht.

‘We kept the original sail plan and sails and did not have a generator or other means of charging the batteries apart from the engine. We took bottled water to supplement the on-board tankage. We only invested in a secondhand satellite phone, jerrycans for additional fuel, fishing tackle, wind scoops for the West Indies and provisions for the crossing. We crossed from the Canaries to the West Indies in 17 days,’ he explains.

But if you are looking at a boat for the way back to Europe or outside the downwind routes of the tropics, maybe you should look at more conservative, heavier displacement types, he suggests.

A yacht for a one-way voyage?

The downwind Tradewinds crossing can really be tackled in any well-prepared boat large enough for your crew, so one way to look at an Atlantic circuit is to weigh up first how you feel about the way back home, and factor that into the cost equation.

A growing number of sailors spend the winter season in the sun, or several consecutive seasons between periods of work, then ship their boat back.

This on-off cruising lifestyle could be compatible with some remote working, so while extremely expensive in itself, shipping represents a trade-off that could be worth considering.

A yacht being craned onto a transporter ship

You may find a smaller boat adequate, especially if you are shipping it home. Credit: Neville Hockley

Minus requirements dictated by the longer, more windward crossing back home, perhaps you could go in a ‘one-way/downwind-only/island-hopping’ boat option.

That could be a much smaller boat, a lighter, simpler or more performance-orientated yacht.

A one-way voyage involves relatively short times at sea, possibly three weeks at most, and you might be able to manage without spending a fortune on equipment.

This year, Peters & May will be loading from Antigua, St Lucia and Martinique and have ships going into the Med, Southampton and other North Sea or Baltic ports.

Michael Wood, general manager of Peters & May, quotes typical prices of US$10,200 for a 32-footer and US$21,600 for a 41-footer.

Unlike a delivery service, shipping saves on the wear and tear from an Atlantic crossing, so is also something to weigh up.

Ready to go?

Typically, getting ready to go off for an Atlantic circuit or more needs a two- to three-year runway.

I have met people who have done it much quicker – I recently met an American family who only decided to go cruising last June and were in the Canary Islands with a brand new catamaran in November – but it is stressful, and you risk sailing away with a long list of warranty work needed, and jobs lists incomplete.

It might take most of a year to choose, trial and select the right boat, then you could spend the next year sailing from your home port, preparing, fitting new gear, testing and sea trialling everything and upping your knowledge level.

Kaj Maass and Malin Andersson, an engineer and a pre-school teacher respectively, bought their Bavaria 38 Cross Ocean in 2016 for €80,000 and lived on board for a summer and winter to increase their savings.

Provision on yacht ahead of the crew left to cross the Atlantic

You’ll need space to store enough food for the crew – though choice in foreign ports may be limited. Credit: Kaj Maass & Malin Andersson

‘You don’t have to set off for several years right away, you could make the adventure in smaller parts,’ says Kaj.

‘We met several sailors who sailed for a couple of months, left the boat, flew back home, and continued later on. We adjusted upgrades, the time frame for the adventure, and saved during our day-to-day lives before setting off.’

Do make sure everything you fit for your cruise is well-tested and problems ironed out before you set out to sail across the Atlantic.

If you buy a new boat, expect lots of snagging.

Sorry to say it, but yards tend to put switches, filters and so on in silly places, and because yachts have relatively low volume sales, information about fitting or installation problems can take a while to circle back and be corrected.

Some cruisers decide to replace their engine for peace of mind before leaving to cross the Atlantic

Kaj and Malin replaced their engine for peace of mind. Credit: Kaj Maass & Malin Andersson

If you leave before inevitable glitches are corrected, you could spend days arguing with the boatbuilder or manufacturer about who is responsible and how they are going to get spare parts to you.

This quickly rubs the nap off a dream cruising life.

A year of home-range cruising will also allow you to gain all the knowledge and training you need, which should include essential maintenance know-how and medical and sea survival training (people tend to rave about the latter, interestingly).

It will also allow you time to prepare a manual about your boat, with info and serial numbers and specs of everything on board, which will pay you back handsomely if you need advice or spares.

Tips on how to sail across the Atlantic from Kaj Maass & Malin Andersson

The couple own the Bavaria 38, Cross Ocean and have sailed from Sweden to the Caribbean and back via the Azores

A woman raised a flag on a yacht at the end of crossing the Atlantic

Malin hoists a courtesy flag as their Bavaria 38 makes landfall in St Lucia. Credit: Kaj Maass & Malin Andersson

‘You do not need that much. Less equipment equals fewer breakages.

‘We would never go without a windvane and we are definitely pleased with having a centre cockpit boat, which keeps you safe and dry in the centre of the boat, though the master cabin is worthless at sea.’

Go with the kids

There has been a big upswing in families taking a year or 18 months out from normal lives, to return later.

This seems to coincide with that point in an established, stable career where a sabbatical is possible, there is enough money to buy a boat for a special project, parents are healthy and the kids are not yet in the run up to major exams.

Most often, the sailing families I meet have children aged between five and 12.

A family on the deck of their yacht before they left to cross the Atlantic

Crossing an ocean with a family is entirely feasible. The Paterson family took part in the 2018 ARC on their Moody 471. Credit: World Cruising Club/James Mitchell

The obvious rewards for children spending every day with their mum and dad have to be weighed against the considerable extra work and commitment, though I have yet to meet a parent who regretted it.

In 2019, Russell and Kate Hall sailed across the Atlantic in their Hallberg-Rassy 46 with their boys, Hugo, 8, and Felix, 6.

‘Somebody said to us that living with kids on a boat for a year is like living on land with them for four years,’ Kate laughs.

‘It can be quite draining but it’s also part of the reason why we are doing this, so it’s the yin and yang.

School lessons kept the children from getting too bored during the crossing

Additional crew can help with sailing and school when you sail across the Atlantic. Credit: Erin Carey

‘There are jobs that require both of us and you have to rely on the children to keep themselves safe at times. They sleep really well on board and they go to bed at sunset and wake at sunrise, then they’re full of beans. You might not have had much sleep. It takes a while to adjust.’

The Halls concentrated on the basics of English and maths, and then tailored history or geography or science projects around places they were visiting.

This seems to work for most families.

Schools will usually provide a curriculum plan for time out, and there are a lot of distance learning and ‘school in a box’ courses for homeschooling children, such as Calvert and Oak Meadow.

‘My advice would be to be easy on yourself,’ advises Kate Hall.

Two children with a half way sign to mark the half way point of an ocean crossing

Celebrating milestones can help bolster a young crew’s morale when you sail across the Atlantic. Credit: Erin Carey

‘We started with five hours’ schooling a day and then reduced that to two-and-a-half. Chill and relax; it all works out. There are always things to learn.’

If you are planning to sail across the Atlantic with kids, look at taking on extra hands to help with the sailing.

Also consider joining the ARC rally where in port you share a pontoon with all the other family boats so there are lots of other kids of different ages for yours to socialise with, as well as an organised daily kids club.

The friendships made between adults and children also often shape later cruising plans.

Seasons and routes to sail across the Atlantic

If you are planning on sailing across the Atlantic, don’t leave it too late to set off across Biscay – late August or September is pushing your luck from a weather point of view.

Ideally, make the most of the summer cruising opportunities travelling south through France, Spain and Portugal – these could be among the best parts of the trip.

Annually, the ARC rally leaves the Canary Islands in November, the ARC+ heading for Mindelo in Cape Verde first, and the ARC direct to St Lucia.

This is so that crews can be in the Caribbean for Christmas.

A yacht set up with a preventer on the sail

White sails can make a solid downwind sail plan if well set up with preventers and guys

It is early in the season for Tradewinds, though, and you may have to be prepared for a trough, a front, or calms – or all three – on the way across unless you wait until January.

Whether you cross early or not, my own personal preference would be to go via Cape Verde.

It’s a fascinating archipelago and culture, a place to re-provision or make repairs, and it breaks up the crossing.

It lengthens the time away and overall distance, as Mindelo is 800 miles south- west of the Canaries, but the leg south into ‘butter melting’ latitudes will then put you into almost guaranteed Trades, even in November.

From the Caribbean, you can then sail up to Florida via the Bahamas, or the US East Coast, or return to Europe via the Azores.

The routes to sail across the Atlantic and back. Credit: Maxine Heath

For the return to Europe, most cruisers generally strike out from Tortola in the British Virgin Islands or St Maarten, both good for provisioning, spares, chandlery and repairs, or head up to Bermuda and wait for a springboard forecast for Horta.

From here, crews will again wait to pick their timing to head across to Spain or Portugal or up to the UK.

According to Jimmy Cornell, author of World Cruising Routes , as early as March and as late as mid-May there are reasonable chances of favourable south-easterly and south-westerly winds on leaving the Eastern Caribbean.

The advice he offers is to track north-easterly towards the Azores and stay south of 30°N until 40°W.

For cruisers a southerly route is generally the preferable passage to choose, staying south of the Gulf Stream in lighter winds and taking on extra fuel and motoring if conditions deem necessary.

How much will it cost to sail across the Atlantic and back?

Cruising costs will depend on how you wish to live while cruising.

If you want to spend time in marinas, eat out regularly, hire cars, take tours and fly home occasionally, obviously that will be different to a more self-contained life on board at anchor.

As a guide, we asked Swedish couple Kaj and Malin to add up their costs to prepare for their trip and during the 14-month sabbatical.

Costs will be much lower where you can stay at anchor rather than berth in a marine. Credit: Kaj Maass/Malin Andersson

‘The budget for our trip was €80,000 to buy the boat, and €30,000 of upgrades,’ Kaj says.

The upgrades included a new engine, new standing rigging, a Hydrovane and satellite communications.

They dropped the rudder and the keel and reinforced the area around it.

Of the total budget, around €10,000 was spent on safety equipment.

Continues below…

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Their cruising costs were around €2,500 a month for the two of them, averaging out the most expensive parts of the journey from Sweden to the Canary Islands, when harbour fees were costing around €40 a night.

This would cover some eating out ashore and car rental for tours.

Over the longer term, a good rule of thumb is to allow 20% of the cost of your boat for running repairs to cover antifouling, sail replacement, servicing and, if you are leaving your boat to return home, you’ll need to factor in haul-out, storage and hurricane tie-downs.

If you plan to buy a boat, sail it back and sell it right after your trip, however, you may be able sidestep some ongoing costs.

Cutting the cord

Maybe you don’t have to wait until retirement to go cruising.

There is a strong argument for taking a career break (or breaks) and working for longer if necessary as it spreads the cost and reduces the risk of the big adventure never happening.

Additional offwind sails, like a furling Code 0, can keep the boat moving in light airs for more enjoyable sailing and to save fuel. Credit World Cruising Club

Around half of the people I meet on transatlantic rallies are taking sabbaticals and intending to return to the same post, or have quit a job.

Both options have become quite acceptable, and in some professions and countries sabbaticals are actively encouraged as a retention incentive.

‘Tell the world you are leaving,’ advises Kaj Maass.

‘Make sure you create some pressure on yourself to realise your dream. Involve your employer early on in the planning process. A modern employer will understand and respect your decision to explore the world and live out your dreams, maybe they even see a long-term benefit from the knowledge and experience you will gain from it and you can [negotiate] a leave of absence.’

Satellite comms add a level of safety and keeping in touch but can be costly. Credit: Richard Langdon/Ocean Images

Those running a business may bring in a trusted general manager or step up a family member while they are away.

Keeping tabs on business while away is possible (though it can be expensive in satellite data) but it’s not something that generally works well on a day-to-day basis.

You do need to be able to cut the ties to enjoy cruising, not least because the cruising life comes with its own workload, from maintenance to laundry.

A man carrying out maintenance on his yacht

Long-distance cruising comes with its own workload and maintenance. Credit: Kaj Maass/Malin Andersson

‘Trying to mix work and pleasure compromises both,’ says Stuart Letton.

Before setting out, the Lettons brought their son in to run their web-based business supplying global brands with customisable marketing material.

‘While our business was under new management, it was still a struggle for me to let go. I can remember sitting in WiFi cafés from Spain to the Galapagos trying to blend cruising with work and, while it helped my conscience, I doubt the effort did much for work or cruising.

‘That’s not to say it isn’t possible. With good WiFi and satellite connections you really can work pretty much anywhere . But if you don’t need to, I’d cut the ties, burn the bridges and go. If you need to work, fine, just get your management team in place, communication systems properly set up and resourced, and go.’

It helps to set a deadline so you can realise your dream and sail across the Atlantic. Credit: Kaj Maass/Malin Andersson

However you plan to break free, what really helps is a deadline: a date that you are going set off, with a scene you can visualise to keep you motivated as you work through the preparations and demands of shore life.

Most preparations are really just logistics, and you’re probably already pretty good at that.

The bigger obstacle is often mustering the courage to leave.

I often hear cruisers describe hassles – one described cruising as the act of sailing from one place where you couldn’t get something fixed to another where you hoped you would – yet when I ask for their best advice it usually boils down to a simple prescription: just go.

Kaj Maass said exactly that when I asked him that question.

‘Just do it. Life is too short not to live out your dreams.’

To rally or not?

This is entirely a personal choice.

Advantages of the ARC , which is the best organised and biggest, are great seminars, preparation information and tools.

It’s also an ideal way to meet lots of fascinating, like-minded people, and is agreed to be good value despite costs.

It also gives you a departure date to hold yourself too.

The ARC fleet leaving the Canary Islands

For a first taste of ocean sailing, it can be reassuring and fun to join a rally to sail across the Atlantic, like the ARC. Credit: James Mitchell/World Cruising Club

Plus is has good parties and entertainment on tap to keep crew happy.

The cons would be its early crossing date for the Tradewinds season, large fleet size (though check out ARC+, which is smaller) or if you just want to be low-key and go it alone.

The Viking Explorers rally is one alternative, but not many others still run.

If you do your own thing, you will still find a wonderful cruising community anywhere cruisers other, and there is fantastic support across the world for independent voyaging through the Ocean Cruising Club.

Preparations for sailing across the Atlantic – the basics

While in no way a comprehensive list of preparations, here are some jumping off points to think about when planning your voyage:

Learn how to service and maintain your engine and key machinery, have a good set of tools on board. Video repair tips and techniques when you have technicians on board to refer to later.
Have your yacht lifted, antifouled , stern gear serviced, and anodes replaced. Consider fitting a rope cutter . Also check steering systems and replace rudder bearings.
Create a boat manual with all your procedures, equipment and the location of safety and medical equipment for crew to access.
Fit an autopilot capable of handling your yacht in an ocean swell, fully laden downwind in 30 knots of breeze. Have a back-up if shorthanded, or two separate systems for redundancy.
Have power systems checked and replace or upgrade batteries if necessary . If you upgrade batteries, consider if additional charging is necessary .
Get first-class safety equipment for all crew on board.
Have all sails serviced by a sail loft and consider double stitching all panels. With slab reefing mainsails, get a deep third reef.
Set up a good boom preventer for downwind sailing on both tacks. That can be just lines and blocks but set up so you can gybe and switch preventers without leaving the cockpit.
Check all running rigging and ensure you have adequate spare halyards set up before you depart. Think about chafe prevention.
Choose your crew carefully. Make sure you are all comfortable sailing together and that roles are established well before you leave.

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Crossing the Atlantic in a sailboat: the most famous crossings

Sailing the Atlantic in a sailboat is a feat that few dare to undertake. From meticulous planning to dealing with unpredictable sea conditions, we will discover what it takes to cross the Atlantic by sailboat and what are the best routes. Meteorology and weather is fundamental when planning a transatlantic voyage, it is also important to know what time of the year to go and what route to follow. If you would like to live the adventure of this oceanic navigation, but you have doubts about how this kind of voyages are, in this article we will try to solve all the questions as much as possible. To cross the Atlantic by sailboat, there are basically two routes available.

Route from East to West. Crossing Europe-America

This is the simplest route, as it is the usual route chosen by sailors to cross the Atlantic. It is easier to make this crossing, due to the distance among other things. This Europe-America crossing has a shorter distance so you will reach your destination sooner. Also, depending on the time of year you travel, it is much safer and you will enjoy a smooth and pleasant journey. The journey generally starts from Western Europe, being the most common departure from Spain or France , usually in the first days, most of the sailors make a stop in the Canary Islands, so you could also decide to leave from there. The destination when crossing the Atlantic by sailboat following this route is to end up in the Caribbean or in Central or South America . Another of the stops that is usually made would be in Cape Verde, African islands.

Th e weather conditions you encounter on this crossing are usually a bit more favorable than on the west-east route. However, you have to take into account the times of the year since there can be times of the year when hurricanes are quite common. That is why most expert sailors who make this trip do so in the winter months, between November and January. Despite being in December, the temperatures are very pleasant as we are in the Atlantic on our way to the other continent where at those times it would be "summer". Normally, the weather is usually exceptional , with an average of 26-27 degrees with constant sunshine and breeze, provided by the trade winds that blow strongly especially the first days of this voyage.

Route from West to East. America-Europe Crossing

This route is a priori, a little more complicated than the previous one. In principle the distance is a little longer and it can be a more difficult crossing due to the weather conditions that you can find. Normally, on this route the winds are usually quite strong. On the one hand, this can be beneficial since it has winds that favor navigation , but, on the other hand, in some seasons they can be detrimental due to the formation of anticyclones . This voyage can be longer, as there may be days with little wind, and they slow down the trip. It is therefore advisable to have sufficient supplies of food, water and gasoline in case the crossing takes longer than expected.

Due to the weather conditions that you can find when crossing the Atlantic by sailboat on this route, the most advisable to undertake your trip would be in the months of May to June. At that time the weather is quite pleasant and it is usually quite cool . The itinerary for this trip is usually as follows. Generally, the departure is usually from North America, New York or Newport would be good destinations. The route to follow would be to go to Bermuda , and then to the Azores , islands of Portugal. This route is usually taken because the conditions are usually more favorable than if you cross the Atlantic a little lower, closer to the equator, being cautious in case of hurricanes or tropical storms. In addition, you can stop to visit these spectacular destinations such as Bermuda and the Azores.

How long does it take to cross the Atlantic?

The duration of the voyage may vary according to different factors. First of all, as we have already mentioned several times, the weather , in particular the wind and sea conditions. A bad or good swell can slow down your trip, as can a lack of wind. On the other hand, a good wind (also favorable for sailing), plus a good swell can make the boat and your trip go more smoothly. Another factor that influences the duration of the voyage is the type of boat and its length. If the boat is larger, you will be able to sail faster. If you know the shortcuts, you could maximize the speed and if you also have the experience of sailing across the Atlantic, you could cross the Atlantic in less time. We are looking at a distance of between 3,500 and just over 4,000 nautical miles , depending on the route, departure and destination you choose to embark on such an adventure. In spite of these factors that we have just mentioned, generally sailing trips to cross the Atlantic can last between 15 and 30 days. It must be taken into account when planning the route and, above all, planning the weather, as the weather forecast is not usually so reliable with 1 or 2 weeks of difference.

It is necessary to be flexible in terms of dates and to have enough supplies to have sufficient safety margin. Also, remember to comply with all maritime safety regulations and requirements before embarking on a transatlantic crossing. Crossing the Atlantic by sailboat is a feat of courage, determination and passion for sailing. Whether you choose the majesty of the Azores Islands on the America-Europe Route or the lush tropical beauty on the other route.

Ocean Race 3rd Leg: On the way to Itajaí with a new record

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Atlantic Crossing West-> East – Part One

Our time in the Caribbean had come to an end and it was time for us to start the Atlantic Crossing, west to east, back to Europe.

Day 1 – April 30, 2021

Distance last 24 hrs: 0nm
Total Distance: 0nm
Engine hours last 24 hrs: 0 hours
Approx heading: 000
Breakfast: –
Lunch: Spagetti Bolognese (pre-prepared)
Dinner: Pasta with creamy chicken sauce (pre-prepared)
Sunrise/Sunset (UTC): 9:41/22:34
Water temperature (Celsius): 27

We left Simpson Bay at the 10:30 bridge opening together with Sanuti. We first sailed west around Sint Maarten and passed Anguilla on the west side. It was a chill, sunny day and we focused on getting into the rhythm of the sea. We had very good speed during the day (5,5-6 knots) and were able to sail on a more northerly course than we had expected we would be able to do.

Day 2 – may 1, 2021

Distance last 24 hrs: 147 nm
Total Distance: 147 nm
Engine hours last 24 hrs: 0.8 hours
Approx heading: 030
Breakfast: Yoghurt with müsli and bananas
Sunrise/Sunset (UTC): 9:36/22:35
Water temperature (Celsius): 26

The night was calm, we did good speed during the evening. The wind died out a bit in the morning. The GPS on the autopilot behaved a bit strange, so we had to calibrate it. Thomas saw a fish swimming around the windvane. We haven’t been seasick yet, but it has been calm sea state. We still sailing close to Sanuti, but we been having some communication issues with the radio.

Day 3 – may 2, 2021

Distance last 24 hrs: 124 nm
Total Distance: 271 nm
Sunrise/Sunset (UTC): 9:31/22:38

We still have very nice sailing conditions, good winds and not so much waves. Sunny and warm weather. We are still sailing close to Sanuti. Tried to catch fish during the day but without any luck. We spent the day in the sun listening to music. We managed to get contact with the radio and downloaded some fresh weather files. Had a lot of current against us the entire day.

Day 4 – may 3, 2021

Distance last 24 hrs: 132 nm
Total Distance: 403 nm
Approx heading: 010
Breakfast: Oatmeal with bananas
Lunch: Pizza
Dinner: Spagetti Bolognese (pre-prepared)
Sunrise/Sunset (UTC): 9:27/22:40

Still good conditions. During the night a Norweigan container ship called for us on VHF, but it was far away (and we had already passed each other) and we barely heard the call so didn’t answer it, unfortunately. So far we have seen way more ships than on the crossing to the Caribbean. We see at least 2 ships/day. Tried to fish today again, without any luck. Took a swim and read. Quite an uneventful day in general.

Day 5 – may 4, 2021

Distance last 24 hrs: 123 nm
Total Distance: 526 nm
Breakfast: Oatmeal with bananas
Dinner: Spagetti Bolognese(pre-prepared)

We had good winds during the night and morning, which died out during the day. We started the engine in the afternoon. We took a swim today as well, since it was very hot and sunny, and also a shower! We have read a bit and given each other a massage (easy to get stiff when not moving so much). Tried to fish, but didn’t catch anything. We ran the watermaker for when we went by engine. We shared a beer and had some nice snacks in the afternoon. We passed a ship quite close by (5 nm) and later in the evening we passed a big tanker that was just drifting out at sea.

Day 6 – may 5, 2021

Distance last 24 hrs: 104 nm
Total Distance: 630nm
Engine hours last 24 hrs: 23,5 hours
Approx heading: 020
Breakfast: Newly baked buns withe cheese and marmalade and tea
Lunch: Pasta with pesto
Dinner: Carbonara
Sunrise/Sunset (UTC): 9:21/22:41

No wind and we have used the engine the entire day. Petra saw a fin in the water in the morning, which we think was a shark. It didn’t move like a whale do. We took a swim later anyway, together with Sanuti. It was extremely calm and you could see the sun rays fight there way down to the deep water (7000 meters). It was a very pretty and red sunset. Had some oranges and almonds for snack in the afternoon. Read a lot and downloaded a new Grib-file so we could plan our sail.

Day 7 – may 6, 2021

Distance last 24 hrs: 105nm
Total Distance: 735nm
Engine hours last 24 hrs: 22,5 hours
Breakfast: Buns with cheese/marmalade and tea
Dinner: Quickfried tuna with rice, mango salsa and chili mayo.
Sunrise/Sunset (UTC): 9:15/22:41
Water temperature (Celsius): 24

After the very calm day yesterday the wind picked up a bit, but not very much. We decided to hoist the spinnaker! We had a really nice afternoon sail with the spinnaker before we took it down. Sanuti caught a fish, a tuna, and were so very kind and shared it with us. Thanks! The fish was very good but we had a not so nice evening. Big swell started coming in and the sails were not able to fill, as there was quite little wind still. We started the engine and noticed that it was vibrating more than it should. We suspected that it was some seaweed that had gotten stuck in the propeller, and we tried to reverse to get it off. It had gotten dark so we couldn’t dive down and look at the propeller. We didn’t dare continue with the engine so we turned it off and decided to drift through the night instead. Sanutis autopilot was not working so they decided to drift with us.

All our blog posts related to Atlantic crossings, West -> East and East -> West, can be found under the link HERE .

Blog post for part two of our Atlantic Crossing from Caribbean to the Azores can be found by clicking HERE .

First part of our Atlantic crossing from Caribbean to the Azores in video format. We speak Swedish in our videos but all have English subtitles.

NEWS UPDATE: We have bought a new boat, a Wasa 530. Read more about it on this page: The Boat – Anne-Mon II .

Our new sailboat is in need of some upgrades and renovations as it has been standing for 10+ years. We will post all the boatwork we do on Anne-Mon II on our YouTube channel: youtube.com/c/SailingAnneMon .

Sail Across the Atlantic – Everything You Need to Know

Whether you’re a serious sailor, sailing enthusiast or even a family with a shared love of the ocean, sailing across the Atlantic Ocean is an unforgettable offshore adventure.

Sailing across the Atlantic Ocean is a dream that has captivated the hearts and minds of adventurers, explorers, and sailors for centuries. The vast expanse of water stretching between the continents of Europe and the Americas offers a unique and exhilarating challenge that beckons those with a spirit of adventure.

How Long Does It Take To Sail Across the Atlantic

Embarking on a transatlantic voyage is a dance with time itself. The duration of the journey hinges on several factors, especially the route you choose to take.

The northern passage typically takes between 15 to 30 days, depending on the specific route taken and prevailing conditions, while the southern passage route usually takes around 20 to 40 days to complete, depending on factors such as wind strength and sailing speed.

Transatlantic Routes

The Atlantic Ocean offers several routes, each with its own unique character and challenges.

Sailing West to East with the North Atlantic Route

The North Atlantic route is known for its challenging conditions, including strong winds, rough seas, and rapidly changing weather. Sailors must be prepared to handle adverse conditions and make strategic decisions to ensure the safety of the crew and the vessel.

The voyage typically begins on the east coast of the United States or Canada and follows a northeasterly course toward Europe from Bermuda.

One of the most popular routes is from Bermuda to Portugal and covers just over 2,706 nautical miles and takes 20 to 25 days to complete. Another popular route is Bermuda to the United Kingdom via the Azores covering 3,129 nautical miles and taking 25 to 31 days to complete.

The best time to complete this route is from 1 July to 30 September.

Sailing East to West with the Southern Passage

The southern passage route from Europe to the Caribbean is guided by steady trade winds and a gentler rhythm of the ocean. It offers a more predictable and comfortable sailing experience, as sailors can harness the consistent trade winds that blow from east to west across the Atlantic. This route is popular among sailors seeking a smoother and more leisurely crossing.

The voyage typically begins in Europe , often from ports in Portugal or Spain, and heads southwest toward the Caribbean. While the southern passage is generally more favourable in terms of weather and sea conditions, sailors must still remain vigilant and prepared for changes in wind strength and direction.

The most popular routes east to west are from Portugal to Barbados which covers 4,100 nautical miles and takes 21 to 31 days to complete, and from Gran Canaria to Saint Lucia which covers 2,700 nautical miles and takes 20 to 25 days to complete.

The best time to complete this route is from 30 November to 28 February.

Weather on an Atlantic Crossing

The weather during a sailing trip across the Atlantic is influenced by a complex interplay of factors. Prevailing wind patterns, such as the Trade Winds and the Westerlies, shape the direction and speed of the vessel’s journey.

Ocean currents, like the Gulf Stream, can accelerate or impede progress, affecting navigation decisions. Atmospheric pressure systems, such as high atmospheric pressure and low-pressure areas, dictate wind strength and weather conditions.

Seasonal variations and geographical features, like the Azores High and the Intertropical Convergence Zone, introduce variability in wind and rain patterns. Additionally, the Atlantic’s vast size and varied geography contribute to regional differences in climate, with the potential for sudden weather changes and the formation of storms.

Weather information and forecasts play a critical role in helping skippers make informed decisions to navigate challenging conditions and avoid potential dangers.

The Right Sailboat to Sail Across the Atlantic

Selecting the appropriate vessel for a transatlantic voyage is a decision that shapes the entire experience.

Monohulls: Monohull sailboats are known for their stability in rough seas and their ability to handle a variety of weather conditions. However, it’s essential to choose a well-built, ocean-worthy vessel designed for long-distance cruising. The right one can provide a level of comfort and convenience that can be especially appealing for those seeking a more leisurely transatlantic crossing.

Multihulls: Crossing the Atlantic Ocean on a multihull sailboat, which includes catamarans and trimarans, is becoming increasingly popular due to their unique advantages and capabilities. Multihulls have multiple hulls, which offer benefits in terms of stability, speed, and comfort, as well as much mroe deck space.

Tall Ship: Steeped in history and romance, tall ships evoke the nostalgia of a bygone era. Their majestic masts and billowing sails harken back to the golden age of exploration and offer a unique and authentic seafaring experience. However, despite their size, crossing the ocean with a tall ship has its challenges and demands a skilled crew familiar with traditional sailing techniques.

Unconventional Boats: Many unconventional boats have crossed the Atlantic. British adventurer Roz Savage completed two solo Atlantic Ocean crossings in a rowboat. While others have tried but not yet succeeded in unconventional vessels like Andrew Bedwell who tried to cross in a 3.5 metre vessel.

Technology Onboard

When undertaking an Atlantic crossing, a boat should be equipped with essential technology for safety and navigation. This includes GPS, electronic charts, radar, AIS, communication tools like VHF radio and satellite phone, emergency equipment such as EPIRB and life rafts, navigation and weather software, power generation sources like solar panels and wind generators, and backup systems for redundancy.

Having backup tools, spare parts, and navigational charts ensures preparedness for emergency repairs. Proper familiarity with and maintenance of these technologies are crucial for a successful and secure voyage.

Is Bigger Better?

Ultimately, the “right” boat size for crossing the Atlantic depends on your personal preferences, the type of vessel you’re comfortable with, your sailing experience, and your intended voyage. Smaller boats, including monohulls and multihulls, have successfully crossed the Atlantic Ocean, often with solo sailors or small crews.

It’s essential to match the boat’s size with your skill level, comfort, and the goals you have for your voyage. Proper planning, preparation, and understanding your boat’s capabilities are key to a safe and enjoyable transatlantic crossing.

Who Can Sail Across the Atlantic

The allure of transatlantic sailing transcends skill levels, beckoning both seasoned sailors and those new to the world of seafaring.

Skill Level

Novices can sail in guided group expeditions. Many sailing schools and organisations offer transatlantic training programs designed to prepare novice sailors for the challenges of open-ocean voyages. These programs cover topics such as navigation, seamanship, weather forecasting, and emergency procedures, ensuring that participants are well-equipped to handle the demands of a transatlantic crossing.

To start gaining more knowledge consider a course like your RYA Day Skipper.

Solo and Groups

Experienced sailors can opt for solo endeavours, navigating the challenges of the open water alone. Solo transatlantic crossings require a high level of skill, self-sufficiency, and mental resilience. Solo sailors must be prepared to handle all aspects of the voyage, from navigation and sail trim to maintenance and emergency repairs. It is not an easy task but a rewarding one.

Group transatlantic voyages offer the opportunity to share the challenges and triumphs of the journey with like-minded individuals. Crew members can provide support, share knowledge, and contribute their unique skills to the overall success of the voyage.

When Is The Best Time To Sail Across The Atlantic?

Navigating the vast expanse of the Atlantic Ocean demands strategic timing to ensure a safe and rewarding transatlantic crossing. Sailors must carefully consider multiple factors when determining the best time to embark on this epic journey.

Avoid Hurricane Season

To mitigate risks, it’s crucial to avoid the peak of the hurricane season, which spans from early June to late November, by planning departures before or after this period.

Trade Winds

The trade wind seasons play a pivotal role. Departing between November and January is ideal for east-to-west crossings (Europe to the Americas), taking advantage of strong easterly winds, while west-to-east voyages (Americas to Europe) are best undertaken from April to June.

Transitional Seasons

The transitional seasons of spring (April to June) and autumn (September to November) offer milder conditions, reducing the likelihood of encountering severe weather. Additionally, the Northern Hemisphere summer (June to August) may provide calmer conditions near specific regions like the Azores and Bermuda due to seasonal temperature gradients.

Monitoring and Flexibility

Even with careful planning, weather conditions can vary. Modern technology, including advanced weather forecasting and satellite communication, allows sailors to monitor changing weather patterns closely. This flexibility enables them to adjust departure dates to align with the most favourable conditions.

What To Expect When You Sail Across The Atlantic

Embarking on a transatlantic voyage is a transformative experience that unveils a variety of emotions and encounters.

Isolation and Self-Discovery

The vastness of the open ocean fosters introspection, offering moments of solitude and self-contemplation. Sailing farther from land, the ocean becomes a place for self-discovery. Away from distractions, sailors connect with their thoughts, gaining profound insights and a deeper understanding of themselves.

Adapting to Dynamic Conditions

Navigating the Atlantic demands adaptability, as calm waters can swiftly turn tempestuous. Sailors encounter a range of weather patterns, from tranquillity to storms. Success hinges on quick decision-making, adjusting sails, altering course, and ensuring safety in rapidly changing wind and wave conditions.

Marine Life and Celestial Wonders

The Atlantic unveils captivating marine life and celestial spectacles. Sailors witness dolphins, whales, and seabirds in their natural habitat. Nights offer starry skies and bioluminescent wonders, like meteor showers, illuminating the transatlantic journey with awe-inspiring beauty.

Camaraderie

The challenges and triumphs of crossing an ocean create a deep bond among crew members. Everyone is on the same journey, facing the same conditions, and working together towards a common goal.

Preparing for Sailing Across The Atlantic

Preparing for a transatlantic crossing demands meticulous planning and a comprehensive understanding of the necessities.

Route and Preparation

Craft a detailed route plan, communication strategies, and contingency plans for a successful transatlantic journey. Thorough preparation is key, covering route selection, departure dates, emergency procedures, and communication protocols.

Consider wind patterns, currents, and potential hazards during route planning. Prepare provisions like food, water, and supplies. Develop contingency plans for adverse weather, medical emergencies, and navigation challenges.

Apparel for All Conditions

Pack layered clothing, foul-weather gear, and safety equipment to adapt to changing weather. Proper clothing ensures comfort and safety. Layering helps regulate temperature, and specialised gear like waterproof jackets, pants, and boots protects against the elements. Safety items like life jackets and harnesses are crucial on deck. Include hats, gloves, and sunglasses for sun protection.

Essential Gear and Tools

Equip with navigation tools, communication devices, safety gear, and spare parts. Success relies on proper gear. Navigation tools (GPS, charts, compasses) aid in plotting courses. Communication devices (satellite phones, radios) keep sailors connected. Safety gear like life rafts, EPIRBs, and flares are vital in emergencies. Carrying spare parts and tools prevents breakdowns.

Stock up on non-perishable food, fresh water, and cooking facilities. Consider food diversity and nutritional balance. Fresh water should be rationed, and watermakers or desalination systems help generate freshwater. Cooking facilities enable meal preparation, accounting for dietary preferences and nutritional needs.

Navigating Legally

Secure necessary permits and documentation for international waters. Crossing boundaries requires permits, visas, and paperwork for foreign ports. Research entry requirements and apply for permits early. Maintain organised vessel documentation for customs and immigration inspections.

Risks of Sailing Across the Atlantic

While Atlantic crossings offer an unparalleled sense of accomplishment, ocean sailing carries some inherent risks.

Weather Challenges

The Atlantic’s unpredictable weather presents dangers from storms to hurricane-force winds. Vigilant weather monitoring and advanced prediction tools help sailors adapt routes and sail plans. A defined storm plan, including course adjustments and reducing sail, is vital for safety in the face of approaching storms.

Health Considerations

Seasickness, fatigue, and medical emergencies require self-sufficiency at sea. Coping with seasickness involves staying hydrated and using medications. Combatting fatigue demands a well-structured watch schedule for adequate rest. Basic first-aid training and well-equipped medical kits are crucial for addressing health issues in remote settings.

Equipment Reliability

Vessel malfunctions demand resourcefulness and preparation. Mechanical, electronic, and communication systems can fail due to the ocean’s rigours. Pre-departure checks and onboard tools aid in identifying and addressing potential issues. Crew members should possess repair skills and improvisational abilities to tackle unexpected breakdowns and ensure vessel safety.

The ARC (Atlantic Rally for Cruisers)

Participating in organized events like the Atlantic Rally for Cruisers (ARC) is one way to cross the ocean. The Atlantic Rally for Cruisers (ARC) is a renowned annual sailing event organised by the World Cruising Club and a favourite in the yachting world. It brings together sailors worldwide and provides an opportunity for sailors to cross the Atlantic Ocean in the company of a group, enhancing safety and camaraderie.

There are three different ARC events, which present three different ways to cross the Atlantic.

The original and most well-known event is the ARC. It typically takes place in November and involves a west-to-east crossing of the Atlantic Ocean from Las Palmas de Gran Canaria in the Canary Islands to Rodney Bay in Saint Lucia, in the Caribbean.

The ARC covers a distance of approximately 2,700 nautical miles and is open to a wide range of sailing vessels, from small cruisers to larger yachts. It offers a combination of bluewater sailing, challenges, and social activities, making it a popular choice for sailors seeking both adventure and community.

ARC Europe is a variation of the ARC that offers a more flexible route for sailors who prefer a northern European departure. It typically starts from a European port (such as Portsmouth, UK) and finishes in the same location as the main ARC event, Rodney Bay in Saint Lucia. ARC Europe provides participants with the opportunity to experience a mix of coastal and offshore sailing as they make their way south to the Caribbean.

The ARC+ is designed for sailors who want to extend their voyage and explore more destinations before reaching the Caribbean. The ARC+ event offers two routes: one starting from Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, as in the main ARC event, and another starting from Mindelo in Cape Verde. Both routes converge in Saint Lucia, giving participants a chance to experience different cultures and sailing challenges along the way.

Each of these ARC events emphasises safety, camaraderie, and adventure. The World Cruising Club provides extensive support, including safety seminars, social events, weather routing, and radio nets to ensure participants have a smooth and enjoyable crossing.

Sailing across the Atlantic Ocean is a remarkable journey that demands a blend of skill, preparation, and a spirit of adventure. While it may seem like a daunting experience, it’s not just for seasoned sailors. With the right boat, people, equipment and preparation it is an accessible, life-changing adventure that almost anyone can enjoy.

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Better Sailing

Best Time to Cross the Atlantic by Sailboat

Are you dreaming of sailing across the Atlantic, and you’re now planning your sailing voyage? Well, go on and read this article so as to set sail for a lifetime expedition. There are a few things you should pay attention to before setting sail in order to get well prepared and organized. Whether in the trade winds or westerlies, sailing across the Atlantic is definitely one of the greatest adventures in sailing. Keep in mind that it takes a year for most sailors to plan and prepare for this long passage voyage. But an important question, among others, what the best time to sail across the Atlantic is? Below, you’ll find the answer to this question and to much more. And remember that with adequate sailing experience and a robust sailboat, crossing the Atlantic isn’t that difficult as many people think! Keep reading!

Plan and Organize Your Crossing

Weather is the most important factor when planning an Atlantic crossing. Furthermore, the route you’re going to follow, the time to set sail, and of course, which sails to carry; all these factors are crucial when it comes to planning the passage. Firstly, it’s essential to avoid the hurricane season that starts from June to November. Most sailors plan their voyage in late November with the aim of arriving nearly at Christmas. However, there’s a risk to this because, in January, tradewinds tend to be stronger, so it’s recommended to leave earlier. But, it’s more important to staying east before attempting a westerly route.

Late hurricanes tend to appear to the west, so a passage through the Cape Verde islands is a good option. This route shortens the time in possible hurricane areas and offers the advantage of going south. Hurricanes are not likely to appear south of 10°N. A typical crossing will probably have Force 4 tradewinds, some lighter periods, and a few windy days with 25-plus knots. So, you should opt for a flexible sail plan and adjust to the changing wind strengths. A functional sailplan is goosewinged in which most sailors carry a downwind sail for when the wind is lighter.

>>Also Read: How Much Does it Cost to Sail Around the World?

Main Sailing Routes for Atlantic Crossing

The Northern Passage , i.e. from west to the east, is characterized by the trade winds which you want to work in your favor. So, if you’re sailing from the US to Europe, you’ll have to reach Bermuda. Bermuda forms the main departure point for most sailors that travel from the Americas to Europe. In general, Bermuda offers the best windward winds, and you could also sail south to the Caribbean and then to Bermuda. After that, most sailors tend to head towards the Portuguese Azores and eventually to the Portuguese coast. Some basic distances are: from the Caribbean to Bermuda (850NM), which takes from 5 to 8 days, from Bermuda to the Azores (1900NM), which takes from 14 to 17 days, and from the Azores to Portugal (700NM), which can take from 4 to 8 days.

The Southern Passage , i.e., from east to the west, begins from the Canary Islands. From the Canary Islands to Cape Verde (750NM), it will take you from 5 to 8 days. From the Canary Islands to the Caribbean (2700NM), it will take you from 16 to 21 days. Keep in mind that the hurricane season runs from June to November. Hurricanes are likely to develop on the western side of the Atlantic. They can also develop between the mainland of Central America and the Windward/Leeward Islands. So, departing from the Canary Islands in early November is a good choice. But, remember that the earlier you leave, the better it is to go south, i.e., from the Cape Verde Islands, before turning west. This way, if something goes wrong, you’ll have an escape route towards the equator.

Moreover, when sailing south to the Canary Islands, the earlier you leave Europe and get across Biscay, the better. The Portuguese winds offer a fast passage south to Lisbon and onwards to the Canary Islands. So if you choose this route, you shouldn’t leave in late summer. This is because southwesterly winds are likely to give you a hard time to the Canaries. Lastly, the worst weather observed in the Atlantic circuit was between Spain and the Canary Islands for boats that departed late in order to head south.

Information on Trade Winds

If you’re sailing in the southern hemisphere, then trade winds tend to blow from the southeasterly direction. This can be risky as they might lead you towards the equator. But, if you’re sailing in the northern hemisphere, then trade winds will blow from the northeasterly direction, thus leading you along the equator. The trade winds are the main force for the Atlantic crossing and are generally predictable due to the Coriolis effect. This means that the Earth’s rotation causes air to blow towards the equator in a southwesterly direction in the northern hemisphere and in a northwesterly direction in the southern hemisphere. Also, the currents blow towards the same direction as the winds, thus offering comfortable sailing. Nowadays, the weather forecasts and communication systems have shown remarkable progress, but sometimes the weather can differentiate from the climatological averages.

Furthermore, keep in mind that where the strongest winds are detected will determine low pressure over Africa and how far south or north the Azores High is established. The Azores High is situated at the center of the Atlantic basin, goes all the way to Bermuda, and it’s also an area where high atmospheric pressure is found. In any case, when you begin your crossing, it would be great if you can stick with a direct route, but most of the time, you’ll have to head south to stay in the trade winds. For example, if you leave before the hurricane season but do not get too far north because winter and spring depressions are stronger in the north Atlantic. On the other hand, leaving early risks heavy weather conditions when you get north.

>>Also Read: How Long Does it Take to Sail Around the World?

How Long Does it Take to Sail Cross the Atlantic by Sailboat?

When it comes to crossing the Atlantic, you should know that a sailboat doesn’t sail in a straight line. The distance of this voyage is about 6,800km, and it’s characterized by an S-shape or a curve. That being said, the distance you’ll cover will be about 8,000 km, which will probably take you up to 45 days in good weather conditions or 55 days in case the wind and weather are not favorable. A rule of thumb is to add about 15 to 20% on top of the distance.

As you see, it’s much better to refer to distance with nautical miles instead of time. For example, the most common route starting from the Canary Islands is about 2,700NM. Another important factor for the Atlantic crossing is the type of boat you have. This will influence your traveling speed as well as the weather control. Lastly, nowadays, the improved sailing technologies, navigation techniques, and high-performance sailboats favor the Atlantic crossing significantly.

>>Also Read: Top Sailing Destinations In The World

The Bottom Line

Sailing across the Atlantic Ocean will take you about 3 weeks, but you should always add 10 days more. This is because weather conditions and trade winds vary, influence your planning, and depend on the season you’re traveling. So, what’s the best time to cross the Atlantic ocean? The most appropriate time is between November and February because the Atlantic is warmer at this time of the year. Moreover, hurricanes and squalls are less prone to happen, and the water temperature can reach 82 degrees Fahrenheit. Wave and swell forecasts also determine how far south to go to avoid the North Atlantic depression. Then again, everything depends on the route you’re taking, the type of your sailboat, and the weather. So, consider everything before setting sail as the Atlantic crossing needs thorough planning and preparation, but it will also be the best experience of your life!

Peter is the editor of Better Sailing. He has sailed for countless hours and has maintained his own boats and sailboats for years. After years of trial and error, he decided to start this website to share the knowledge.

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Sail the Atlantic Ocean | Leg 12 and 13 Expedition ON 2022/ 2023

Atlantic crossing | caribbean to europe.

an aerial view of a boat with dolphins in the water.

Departure Destination: St Maarten
Exploration stop: Azores
Arrival Destination: Netherlands
Bucket list dream
Offshore Sailing
Mile-builder
Interview required
ON Member price
3400 (Leg 12)
1600 (Leg 13)
5 discount when joining both legs

If not now, then when?

Are the waves really as high as in the movies? What would it feel like to see land after weeks on the water? What’s it like in the Azores, the green island archipelago in the middle of the Atlantic. There is only one way to find out: to go for it! Discover what it feels like to wake up on the ocean, breathe the ocean air, have the wind in your hair, navigate by the stars, live simple and resourceful, and be eye to eye with dolphins. Day in, day out…

This year we will be sailing around the Atlantic ocean, from East to West and from West to East! This is THE classic adventure and we are so excited to finally be able to organize this one. Happy and safe!

We have scheduled the Atlantic crossing from West to East in two parts. We interview all applicants to make sure we have a diverse, like-minded and value sharing crew team.

If you have been dreaming about sailing across the Atlantic, share similar values, and appreciate the crew selection, and safety standards, and schedule, all set up for you, this trip is IT!

Disconnection

Most of us spend more time indoors than outdoors. It’s easy to forget the natural world we’re coming from and living in. On the ocean, you face the wind and water elements and find that connection to nature. Imagine a scene with no traffic, no news, no pollution, no civilisation. Just wind and water – plenty of that! A scene where you can gaze for hours to the millions of stars above you; enjoy the dozens of dolphins sliding through the water at the bow of the boat; admire the pink-orange-red sunrises and sunsets, without any airplane trails changing the fluffy and cauliflower-like cloud patterns.

You’ll become very aware of the natural world around you. This inspires. And it’s eye-opening. You come to realise how disconnected from nature we are in our daily lives. In the middle of nature, far away from civilisation, you will see human impact. Usually we’re far away. It’s hard to make it tangible. It doesn’t really affect us. Or so we think. But by being out there, you literally broaden your horizon. Experience will make you think, gain fresh perspectives, and may inspire you to act to turn the tide of the ocean challenges.

Route & Destination

The ocean is the real destination of this trip. But let’s be honest, the Azores islands are pure paradise!

We set sail from St. Maarten in the Caribbean and possibly but weather depending we make a stop in Bermuda. St. Maarten to Bermuda are about 900 Nautical Miles. From Bermuda to the Azores are 1810 Miles. May we go directly from St. Maarten to the Azores this will be about 2300 Nautical Miles, covering a large part of the Atlantic Ocean. From the Azores to the Netherlands it’s about 1500 Nautical Miles. Weather depending we may make a stop in Brest (France), or the UK or even Galicia, Spain. The arrival destination is the Netherlands.

As sailors, we’re after wind. South of the Azores High the clockwise system have a favourable wind direction bringing boats from Europe to the Caribbean. Trade winds are the prevailing pattern in lower latitudes of 20 degrees north of the Equator (when the butter melts). The trade winds cover a broad belt from West Africa to the Caribbean. They are called ‘trade winds’ because back in the days, these winds made it possible to bring goods to other places for trading.

Since the wind generally comes from the north-east and boats head direction south west, the wind comes mostly straight from behind. It makes the journey a down winder.

During a typical crossing, the trade winds are 3 to 5 Beaufort . There can be days with light wind, days with no wind and periods where the wind speed reaches up to 6 or even 7 Beaufort.

From the Caribbean to Europe the wind is less consistent than sailing from Europe to the Caribbean, and the Atlantic crossing is usually more intense, and adventurous. The main consideration is to not get stuck in the Azores High, where there are areas of very little wind. This is why we may choose to go via Bermuda (instead of straight to the Azores from the Caribbean) since it’s a more reliable wind route.

Offshore sailing on SV Twister with us allows for maximum adventure but with minimum risk (Mum will be happy). SV Twister sails under the Dutch flag including professional crew with the necessary qualification and experience to undertake this voyage. On board, there’s an extensive medical kit and we take extra precautions may you have a certain allergy or challenge. The entire voyage we are in contact with our shore contact, always aware of our position. In any case of a medical emergency, actions will be coordinated with a medical team. Ocean worthy lifejackets will be provided.

At sea, we use Iridium for weather forecasts. The number you can give to your friends and family. They can reach us if there’s an emergency. Also you can give us email addresses of people you would like to keep informed. Every few days we send an email who will then forward this to your people.

ADVENTURE, ACTIVITY & LIFESTYLE ON BOARD

This is a hands-on active expedition. We have a professional captain and crew who’ll be showing us the ropes. Everyone on board is expected to take part in the running of the ship. This includes doing ‘watch’, cooking, cleaning, setting sails, chartwork, and learning and sharing as much as possible from each other. It’s part of the fun, experience, development and epiphany moment creation. That said, we’ll be many hands on board so there’ll be plenty of room to chill, relax and simply BE.

SV Twister allows us to connect more souls in one place, away from civilization where we disconnect from everything but each other and nature. Instead of just sailing with a few souls, you’ll have around 15 beautiful people to talk with. We also encourage everyone joining to share their superpower, skill or story. So many interesting things to learn from each other.

No wind? No worries! We just jump into 4000 meter deep ocean for a refreshment.

Ocean Nomads trip are beyond ‘the usual’ sailing holiday. It’s and adventure experience aimed at making the dream lifestyle reality, not just for the time with us but beyond all that. Incorporating the Ocean Nomads values, of community, exploration, and positive impact into the elements of the trip. Ocean Nomads trips are always hands-on, everyone helps with the running of the ship.

Read more about the ON value and trip operations on the big Expedition ON overview page .

This is an active adventure trip. But ofcourse, you’re always welcome to chill and read a book or just do nothing, but BEing.

Home port : Harlingen, Holland

Year built : 1902

Displacement : 88 tonnes

Length overall : 36m/118′

Draft : 2.8m/9’2″ Beam : 6.2m/20’3″ Rig : Schooner

Sail area : 332.5m/1090’8″

Number of sails : 6

Engine : Mercedes Benz 300 PK

Total number of berths : 22

Bathrooms : 2

“During my interview call with Suzanne for ExpeditionON with Twister last summer, I immediately knew I wanted to join the Ocean Nomads network and sailing adventure. Her energy and values were exactly what I was looking for and I could NOT wait to get onboard and meet everyone. As soon as I hung up the phone I thought to myself “This trip is going to change my life”…. and it sure did. So I packed up my life into a duffle bag a few months later, boarded Twister in Madeira and set sail towards The Canary Islands. Long story short, after I hopped on Twister and sailed off into the sunset, I was surrounded by amazing people and had the complete feeling of freedom I had hoped for. With little convincing from fellow ON members during one of the monthly meetups, I also decided to take their advice and spend the winter in the canaries. This included…renting a caravan with fellow Nomad Cay, sailing on Bluepearl with Captain Wolfgang , Thomas, Robert, Kyra, and meeting Jacky, Eoin, Luca, Sael and of course Suzanne. My lifelong dream has been to spend time outside of the US, explore different places, meet , new people and just live somewhere different than what I grew up with. If you told me this time last year that I would have spent the better part the last 365 days sailing around The Canary Islands,surfing in Ireland, sleeping in a van ALONE in England and writing this newsletter on an island in the Adriatic Sea, I would have rolled my eyes at you. But after joining Ocean Nomads a little over a year ago my life has done a complete 180° ( in the best way possible) and I have the network and so many of you to thank for that!” – Brianna

What does Previous Ocean Nomads crew say?

Still smiling at the memories! Met – and still talking to – some lovely people. Refreshed my nautical skills (helming, navigation, astro identification, etc.) Shared some great experiences through conversation, music, stories, yoga, cooking together, seeing ocean wildlife, and so much more!

a silhouette of a man looking at the ocean at sunset.

Expedition ON '21

"The experience on twister with other Ocean Nomads was just really beautiful and I felt connected for the first time in decades, I felt part of a community and had companionship. I was so happy that it’s so all inclusive of gender race religion nationality and most importantly age. It has connected me with like-minded people of all ages and being very transformational personally because my life has been incredibly isolated as a single parent Who works from home. I can honestly say October and November I felt happy and free for the first time in maybe 22 years. It gave me everything I was looking for. It has opened up so many possibilities to meet new people with similar vibes, including connection, companionship, purpose and being one with nature."

a woman sitting on a boat reading a book.

“In my opinion Ocean Nomads sailing adventure are: 1. A reward for the senses by discovering incredibly beautiful places and breathtaking sceneries. 2. An unbeatable way to get introduced into the nice world of sailing, 3. An open window to learn watching our world and the people from another more conscious perspective. I see Suzanne as an inspirational person who, with her example, inspire others with ideas and proposals to define or redefine life projects and use inner energy for more noble purposes. Our oceans need strong committed people like her to advocate for our natural resources and leave them intact for the generations to come.”

Jose Maria Perez

Sicily 2018

"The sailing with such a beautiful ship. It is absolutely breathtaking to sail a tall ship and minimize the use of the motor as much as possible.

I joined the Twister Expedition to share my knowledge as a marine scientist studying cetaceans. I look at the sea a little differently than most sailors do, so it is beautiful to be able to share this knowledge and viewpoint since I believe science is not only for scientists.

There are many things that sailors and Ocean Nomads can do to help as citizen scientists.

Small tasks such as collecting data on cetaceans (Whales and Dolphins) on a sail can have a large impact in the management and conservation of species.

Expedition ON 2021

"It’s amazing how many awesome friends you can make, and how much just one week on an ON trip can change your life"

Canary Islands '19

“Good sailing experience that makes me feel more confident on open seas. Made good connections to nice people and got valuable insights for my master plan.”

a man is standing on the deck of a boat.

This was one of the most epic experiences of my life so far, and I can tell it is just the beginning. The ocean has taught me so many lessons…to embrace all experiences (even seasickness), not worry so much, and just be in the moment. Two weeks without connection to the outside world was absolutely glorious. I feel reset. After a very fragmented life the past few years, being around a crew of 17 people every day was amazing…to interact naturally with each other, feel a part of a family of diverse ages, nationalities and backgrounds…I learned so much from these amazing humans. My heart feels so full.”

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Galicia '21

The most unforgettable week. The trip preparation and the crew members turned what would otherwise be an adventure into something a bit more special. I took part in two ocean nomads trips so far. To say it was life changing sounds dramatic but it really was. Being able to share time and experiences with people with different backgrounds but of a similar mindset was incredible. I like to think that I can have and help contribute to a similar experience for myself and others as a member of the Flotilla crew.”

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Ben Clipstone

ON Lanzarote & Galicia

“The things I like the most about trips with Ocean Nomads is the mix of different nationalities, ages and levels of experience. With these trips, there’s always a general plan but also plenty of opportunity for spontaneity to have a real adventure!”

Louise Agren

Croatia 2019 & Madeira-Canary Islands 2021

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The Viking route: Across the Atlantic via Nova Scotia

June 18, 2021

Can you tackle a northerly Atlantic crossing – the legendary ‘Viking’ route – in a standard bluewater cruiser? Sam Fortescue meets an owner who did just that

Think of crossing the Atlantic from west to east, and most people will picture a pleasant high-pressure route via Bermuda or the Azores. But there is another way of doing it. One that cocks a snook at the rhumbline and flies in the face of the usual assumptions about what constitutes ideal weather. Promisingly, it is known as the Viking Route, so named after the Norse explorers who voyaged as far as Nova Scotia a thousand years ago.

Put simply, to follow the Viking route takes you from the east coast of the US, across the top of the planet via Newfoundland , Greenland and Iceland , back down to Europe via the Faroe Islands.

Besides the wild and little-visited isles along the route, its chief attraction is how this option breaks the transatlantic ocean passage down into smaller, bite-sized chunks.

When Alberto Duhau looked into the route to take his Hylas 63 Shaima from Florida to the Mediterranean , he quickly realised that there’d be no more than six days at sea between landfalls.

Preparing for the Viking route

After consulting weather experts, ice pilots, and Hylas themselves, Duhau also saw that his boat would need relatively little in the way of modification to tackle these higher latitudes. Not for nothing is this called the Viking route, and if they could do it in longships built of green oak with iron rivets and square sails made of wool, a modern high-spec glassfibre cruiser should have no problems.

This is the story of how Alberto Duhau followed in the wake of the Vikings.

the Viking route offers a true wilderness experience: this is Greenland’s Ketils Fjord, a rock climbing mecca for expert mountaineers. Photo: Alberto Duhau

Shaima ’s voyage began in Florida, but Duhau and his ever-changing crew of friends and family took the whole US east coast in a single hop, making their first stops along the coast of Nova Scotia. There are plenty of well-protected anchorages here, and Duhau recalls it as an early highlight of the trip.

Article continues below…

Summer sailing in high latitudes is no guarantee of good weather – sometimes winter is better

Although we are in the business of providing uncertainty as one of the mainstays of the Pelagic experience, there are…

Sailing to high latitudes: Everything you need to know before you set sail

Specialist high latitude yachts invariably have metal hulls and are very solidly built with large fuel tanks and internal steering…

“We saw large amounts of humpback and pilot wales in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and a few icebergs along the Newfoundland coast,” he says.

“Small coastal villages of this part of Canada start to have the flavour of the Scandinavian towns that dot the landscape for the rest of the trip.”

The planned departure from St John’s was delayed because of gales off Greenland’s southernmost tip, Cape Farewell, but that gave them a chance to explore Fogo island to the north.

Fogo is a beautiful and little-visited spot, but it also put them some 100 miles further into the ice-strewn Labrador Strait for the passage north to Qaqortoq. In the end, they completed the 700 miles in just four and a half days with a stiff southerly wind veering west.

“Fog was common and the need to watch out for icebergs, growlers and bergie bits was around the clock,” says Duhau.

“Sometimes we could scout for icebergs from the warmth of our cockpit enclosure, but often we had to stand watch unprotected from the side deck while engulfed by a 4°C breeze and spray.”

From Qaqortoq, Shaima headed off south-east with a plan to explore the fjords and glaciers. There, Duhau found true wilderness. “We hiked, kayaked, did some rather risky iceberg climbing and fly-fished for Arctic char with amazing results in beautiful streams and rivers,” he says.

Kayaking among icebergs south-east of Qaqortoq. Photo: Alberto Duhau

The highlight of this part of the cruise was transiting the 57-mile-long Prince Christian Sound, which cuts through the bottom fringe of Greenland. “It is surrounded on both sides by steep granite mountain walls and valleys. Twelve icecap glaciers calve into the Sound, and countless waterfalls feed the fjord with fresh water.”

At 660 miles, the crossing to Reykjavik was even quicker, taking just four days. For this passage, seas and winds were gentle, and there was little need to scout for ice. Duhau’s initial plan to go northabout the island had to be abandoned because of time lost as they waited for an issue with their Yanmar engine to be fixed.

Iceland lacked a single mechanic capable of dealing with modern common-rail injection engines, so there was a delay until someone was sent out from Europe. It turned out that just two wires in a cable harness had parted.

In the meantime, the crew explored Iceland’s natural wonders by land, before hopping along the south coast. “[There are] few anchorages but extremely beautiful,” notes Duhau. Conditions were good and the crew enjoyed amazing views of active volcanoes. Then, from the protected natural harbour of Höfn, they turned south-east towards the Faroe Islands. It took less than 48 hours to reach Torshavn, the capital of this remote island group.

From there it was more or less downhill all the way. Shaima encountered headwinds on the run south to Inverness, but revelled in the Caledonian Canal transit and the whisky harbours of the Western Isles.

Then it was on to Belfast, Dublin, Galicia and round the Iberian Peninsula to Valencia, where Shaima got stuck in for the winter.

Lasting memories

“The route up north is just so isolated, so pristine, it touches your heart,” says Duhau.

“Sailing in high latitudes is not difficult if done prudently, during the height of the summer and in areas free of sea ice but with icebergs. You do not need an expedition boat to do this, just a seaworthy ocean vessel and a competent crew.

Admiring the awe-striking landscapes in Greenland. Photo: Alberto Duhau

“Island-hopping across the Atlantic is a very feasible project and a great way to spend the first summer of a cruise to the Med, or alternatively, to return to Europe from the Americas,” he adds.

“It is an excellent alternative to the typical Bermuda-Azores ocean crossing and avoids the 15 to 20 days of continuous ocean sailing.”

The three-month passage across the top of the Atlantic Ocean made such a lasting impression on Duhau that he is now considering other high latitude adventures. He is developing an idea to follow Captain Cook’s path from the south Pacific down the Chilean coast to Antarctica, round Cape Horn and across to Cape Town.

Strong winds in the Irish sea showcased Shaima’s seakindly characteristics. Photo: Alberto Duhau

“We will sail 18,000 miles in 10 months, stretching the sailing season as much as possible yet visiting the very best of Southern Ocean high latitude destinations in only one season,” he explains.

“That avoids the worst weathers, by being in the right places at the right times, albeit we will definitely experience some late spring and summer lows and gales – something that adds to the overall experience. Our visit south will be short, varied and sweet!”

A suitable vessel for the Viking route

Hylas is a Taiwan-based shipyard with a reputation for building luxurious cruising yachts with a high degree of customisation. The customisation options were something that Alberto Duhau took thoroughly to heart after he signed the contract for a new 63-footer back in 2014.

“I became heavily involved in fine-tuning the design and equipment options, with the overall goal of transforming Shaima into my ideal global explorer yacht,” he explains.

“Together with my daughter, Stephie, we redid the Autocad drawings of the interior as well as designing major exterior structures.”

The pair custom-designed a hard dodger made of carbon fibre and high-impact glass, combined with a light but sturdy, aluminium/glassfibre hard top. The hard-top runs to 6m length, and extends cover from the companionway to the helm stations aft.

Roll-up curtains at the side allow the cockpit to be totally enclosed while underway, and a blower can even send hot air from the engine into the cockpit enclosure.

Secluded Nordic villages are nestled in the Faroe Islands’ exposed landscape. Photo: Alberto Duhau

On warm days, the gap between the hard top and dodger opens, bringing a pleasant air flow into the cockpit. There is full aircon below, as well as electric heating running off the genset. “We purposefully avoided a fuel-based heater that would require new ducts and has other drawbacks,” explains Duhau. No extra hull insulation was required besides the Hylas’s foam-cored Twaron-fibreglass lay-up.

Shaima was always spec’d for adventurous sailing, carrying a Spade 240 stainless steel anchor weighing 82kg that is rated for 98ft boats. “It hooks anywhere, always resets and is the best sleeping pill on board!” says Duhau.

He specified 120m of 7/16in chain, for anchoring comfortably in up to 30m, and a 1in diameter bridle to hook onto the main anchor chain, with port and starboard tails that are 10m long.

A powerful 1,200W Maxwell RC12 windlass raises all this ground tackle, while Shaima also has 4 x 100m Spectra shorelines that are so light and easy to handle that they don’t require spools.

Duhau purchased a 15ft RIB with an aluminium hull (the AB ALX15). Fitted with a 40hp Yamaha outboard, it is sturdy but light and capable of planing with eight people aboard.

After the engine broke, Shaima was towed in to Reykjavik on huge cables behind a 250ft cutter. “If only I had known then that I could have towed Shaima with the dinghy at 5 knots, so easily!” says Duhau.

The tender is deployed on hydraulic davits by Cooney Marine, for which the transom of Shaima had to be fully reinforced. Aluminium struts were installed below the deck and the GRP of the deck itself was thickened to 9cm under the davit feet. This means the tender can be readily launched in a sea.

Despite the ice, the Viking route can still be tackled in a standard bluewater cruiser. Photo: Alberto Duhau

Additional safety modifications that were added include extending the 3ft-high stainless steel pushpit railing to the middle of the boat. Twin six-man liferafts were fixed to the pushpit for quick deployment. The davits also have strong inch-thick stainless steel plates for deploying a 110m Jordan series drogue, tying spring lines aft and towing anything in an emergency.

Extended range

The Hylas 63 has 2,460 litres of fuel tankage aboard – enough for 12 days of continuous motoring at cruising speed, or 18 days at a slightly slower pace. Duhau added 1.8kW of solar panels, which can cut generator use for battery charging by 40%.

Two large Vitrifrigo freezers and two large fridges provided ample stowage for fresh food for the crossing, and there is a 100lt/hr Schenker watermaker in addition to 1,450 litres of water tankage.

Duhau replaced the standard cutless bearing/stuffing box setup of the rudder shaft with self-aligning Jefa synthetic bearings. At the same time, he had the hull around the shaft reinforced, as well as the bulkhead and adjacent support structures. It was an expensive job.

To make the drivetrain more reliable, Duhau installed an Aquadrive antivibration system, combining a thrust bearing and constant velocity flexible joints.

Shaima also carries a vast inventory of spares.

Cockpit hard top offers protection. Photo: Alberto Duhau

The rig was set-up for short-handed sailing. “I wanted the rig to be ideal for long-range cruising, offering control without exiting the cockpit,” Duhau explains.

Shaima flies a genoa and staysail on hydraulic Furlex furlers, has in-mast furling and a hydraulic outhaul, a hydraulic backstay and boom vang, an easily handled whisker pole for setting the genoa to windward, and a cruising gennaker that can be carried from 80° apparent to dead downwind.

Duhau also set up in-cockpit controls for the anchor windlass, as well as bow and stern-thrusters. A separate track was installed on the mast so that a storm trysail could be set without having to remove the mainsail first.

If you enjoyed this….

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Sailboat Journey: How Long to Cross the Atlantic Ocean?

Alex Morgan

Crossing the vast expanse of the Atlantic Ocean by sailboat is an adventure that captures the imagination of many sailors and adventurers alike. While modern technology has made air travel more convenient, traveling across the Atlantic by sailboat offers a unique and rewarding experience that allows you to truly connect with the power of nature and the open sea .

Several factors come into play when considering the duration of an Atlantic crossing by sailboat. These factors can greatly impact the overall journey and the time it takes to complete it.

1. Distance and Route: The specific route chosen and the distance to be covered can significantly affect the duration of the journey. Some common routes include the Canary Islands to the Caribbean, New York to the Azores, and Europe to the Caribbean.

2. Weather Conditions: The prevailing weather conditions along the route can have a substantial impact on the speed and progress of the sailboat. Favorable winds and currents can expedite the journey, while adverse weather conditions can cause delays.

3. Type of Sailboat: The design, size, and capabilities of the sailboat can affect its speed and performance. Different sailboats have varying capabilities in different weather conditions, which can influence the overall duration of the journey.

4. Crew Experience: The experience and skill level of the crew members on board play a significant role in managing the sailboat efficiently. A knowledgeable and experienced crew can navigate challenging situations and adapt to changing conditions more effectively.

While there is no fixed time frame for an Atlantic crossing by sailboat, the average duration can vary depending on the above factors. The fastest recorded times for crossing the Atlantic have been achieved in under 10 days , while the average duration typically ranges from 14 to 21 days .

To ensure a successful Atlantic crossing, careful planning and preparation are essential . It is important to consider safety considerations, such as having appropriate safety equipment on board, including life jackets, life rafts, and emergency communication devices. Navigation and communication tools are also crucial for staying on course and staying connected with the outside world.

Key takeaway:

Traveling across the Atlantic by sailboat allows for a unique and adventurous experience on the open ocean.
The duration of the Atlantic crossing depends on factors such as distance, route, weather conditions, and type of sailboat.
Experienced crews and well-prepared sailors can complete the crossing in faster times.

Why Traveling Across the Atlantic By Sailboat?

Traveling across the Atlantic by sailboat is an experience that cannot be replicated. It offers a unique and adventurous journey for those who seek a challenge and a deep connection to nature. By choosing to travel by sailboat, individuals are able to break free from the constraints of modern life and embrace a life of freedom and independence . The use of wind power and self-reliance creates a profound bond with the natural world. Sailboats provide a slower-paced voyage, allowing travelers to fully immerse themselves in their surroundings. They can appreciate the ever-changing weather, observe wildlife, and marvel at the beauty of the vast ocean.

Crossing the Atlantic by sailboat is not for the faint of heart. It is a demanding endeavor that forces individuals to step outside their comfort zone . It requires meticulous planning, sharp navigation skills, and unwavering perseverance . The sense of adventure and accomplishment gained from successfully completing such a journey is incomparable.

In addition to the personal rewards, sailboats also contribute to sustainable travel. By relying on wind power, they utilize renewable energy and reduce carbon footprint . This aligns with the growing global commitment to protect our environment and minimize our impact on it.

While some may think that crossing the Atlantic by sailboat is a quick feat, it is important to understand that this is not always the case. The fastest recorded time for a competitive race is approximately 5 days and 23 hours. For non-competitive sailing trips, the average duration is usually around 3 weeks. This timeframe varies depending on factors such as weather conditions and the chosen route.

So, why choose to travel across the Atlantic by sailboat? The answer lies in the unparalleled experience it offers. It is an opportunity to test oneself, connect with nature, and contribute to sustainable travel. It is a voyage that will forever be etched in the memories of those who undertake it.

Factors Affecting the Duration of Atlantic Crossing

Embarking on an Atlantic crossing by sailboat is an awe-inspiring adventure, but have you ever wondered what factors determine its duration? Let’s dive into the elements that shape the time it takes to conquer this vast expanse of ocean. From the distance and chosen route, to the unpredictable weather conditions, as well as the type of sailboat and the crew’s experience, each of these variables plays a vital role in defining the ultimate duration of this remarkable journey.

Distance and Route

The duration of an Atlantic crossing by sailboat depends on the distance and route chosen. The specific route determines the distance, which can range from 2,800 to 3,200 nautical miles. For example, the route from the Canary Islands to the Caribbean covers approximately 2,800 nautical miles, while the route from New York to the Azores is about 3,000 nautical miles. In comparison, the route from Europe to the Caribbean spans approximately 3,200 nautical miles.

When planning an Atlantic crossing, sailors should carefully consider the route they will take, taking into account varying weather conditions, currents, and challenges. Factors such as prevailing winds, ocean currents, storms, and busy shipping lanes should be considered to ensure a safe and efficient journey.

Weather Conditions

Weather conditions have a significant impact on the duration of an Atlantic crossing by sailboat. Various factors related to weather conditions, such as wind patterns, storm systems, sea state, temperature and climate, and currents, can affect the journey.

Sailors depend on favorable trade winds to expedite the trip. It is crucial to avoid or navigate around challenging conditions caused by storms like tropical cyclones or low-pressure systems for the safety of both crew and boat. The state of the ocean, including wave height and direction, can directly impact the speed and comfort of the voyage.

Considering temperature and climate variations, including the possibility of fog or icebergs in specific regions along the route, is essential. Taking advantage of favorable currents can help reduce the time spent crossing the Atlantic. By closely monitoring weather conditions and making strategic decisions, sailors can effectively optimize their journey.

Type of Sailboat

The type of sailboat plays a major role in determining the duration of an Atlantic crossing. When considering factors such as boat size, design, and equipment, it becomes evident that different sailboats have varying capabilities and performance characteristics that directly impact their speed and efficiency.

One common sailboat used for Atlantic crossings is the cruising yacht . These sailboats are specifically designed to provide comfort and cater to long-distance voyages, offering stability and ample space. In particular, larger yachts are known for their ability to handle rough seas with greater stability and also offer more storage capacity.

On the other hand, performance-oriented sailboats, such as racing yachts , are built with lightweight construction, advanced rigging systems, and efficient sail designs. These features enable them to achieve faster crossing times by taking full advantage of favorable wind conditions. Racing yachts are designed to prioritize speed and agility .

The equipment on-board also significantly contributes to the sailing experience and the overall efficiency of the journey. The presence of navigation systems and autopilot features enhances the ease of navigation, ensuring a smoother and more efficient trip.

Interestingly, the trimaran “ IDEC SPORT ,” captained by Francis Joyon, holds the current record for the fastest Atlantic crossing by a sailboat. This remarkable journey was completed in just 5 days, 2 hours, 7 minutes, and 42 seconds, showcasing the incredible capabilities of the right type of sailboat in achieving remarkable feats.

Crew Experience

Average time to cross the atlantic by sailboat.

Curious about how long it takes to cross the Atlantic by sailboat? Let’s dive into the average time to complete this daring journey. From the fastest recorded times to the average duration , we’ll uncover the thrilling tales of sailors conquering the vast expanse of the Atlantic. Brace yourself for captivating facts and figures that will transport you into the world of nautical expeditions. So, grab your sea legs and get ready to set sail on an adventure like no other!

Fastest Recorded Times

The table below showcases the fastest recorded times for crossing the Atlantic by sailboat:

These recorded times exemplify the incredible speed and efficiency of sailboats crossing the Atlantic. The sailboat “ Comanche ” holds the record for the fastest time between Lizard Point in the UK and Ambrose Light in the USA, completing the journey in just 5 days, 14 hours, 21 minutes, and 25 seconds . Meanwhile, the sailboat “ IDEC Sport ” holds the record for the fastest west to east crossing , taking only 8 days, 8 hours, 2 minutes, and 27 seconds .

Other notable fast crossings include “ Rayon Vert ” completing the route from Cadiz in Spain to San Salvador in the Bahamas in 10 days, 7 hours, 18 minutes, and 32 seconds , and “ Kiwi Spirit ” crossing from Gran Canaria to St. Lucia in the Caribbean in 12 days, 16 hours, 25 minutes, and 2 seconds .

These exceptional recorded times highlight the skill and expertise of sailors pushing the limits of speed and performance across the Atlantic Ocean.

Average Duration

The average duration of crossing the Atlantic by sailboat varies depending on several factors. Here is a table summarizing the average duration for different routes:

These durations are estimates and can be influenced by factors such as weather conditions, sailboat type, crew experience, and chosen route. It’s important to note that these durations are based on average conditions and every journey may differ.

To have a successful Atlantic crossing, it’s crucial to plan and prepare in advance. Ensure your sailboat is well-maintained, equipped with safety gear, and stocked with sufficient supplies. Consider safety measures such as having a lookout, following navigation rules, and maintaining communication with the crew and other vessels.

Remember that weather conditions greatly affect the crossing duration, so monitor forecasts and choose the right departure window. Having experienced crew members can enhance the voyage efficiency.

Popular Routes for Atlantic Crossing

Embark on an exciting journey as we explore the popular routes for crossing the Atlantic by sailboat. From the scenic Canary Islands to the vibrant Caribbean , the breathtaking route from New York to Azores , to the enchanting voyage from Europe to the Caribbean , we will uncover the diverse options that captivate sailors worldwide. Brace yourself for a riveting adventure filled with awe-inspiring landscapes, challenging weather patterns, and the thrill of navigating the vast ocean. Get ready to set sail and discover the allure of these renowned Atlantic crossing routes .

Canary Islands to the Caribbean

The journey from the Canary Islands to the Caribbean by sailboat is a popular route for crossing the Atlantic Ocean .

The duration of this crossing depends on several factors.

The distance and route chosen determine the time it takes to complete the journey.

The direct distance from the Canary Islands to the Caribbean is approximately 2,800 nautical miles, but sailors often take a more indirect course to use the prevailing winds and currents.

Weather conditions along the route greatly affect the duration of the crossing.

Favorable winds and calm seas can speed up the journey, while adverse weather conditions, such as storms or unfavorable currents, can slow progress.

The type of sailboat used also impacts the duration of the crossing.

Faster, more efficient boats designed for long-distance sailing can cover the distance more quickly than slower vessels.

The experience and expertise of the crew can influence the time taken to reach the Caribbean .

Skilled sailors familiar with ocean navigation and long passages may complete the journey more efficiently.

New York to Azores

The route from New York to the Azores is popular for crossing the Atlantic by sailboat. Several factors affect the duration of this journey.

1. Distance and Route: The distance from New York to the Azores is approximately 2,800 nautical miles. The specific route chosen can impact the duration, with some sailors opting for a more direct route while others may take longer routes to avoid unfavorable weather conditions.

2. Weather Conditions: The weather plays a crucial role in the duration of the crossing. Sailors need to consider the prevailing winds and currents along the route to plan their journey effectively. Wind patterns like the Gulf Stream and weather systems such as tropical storms can significantly impact the voyage duration.

3. Type of Sailboat: The speed and capabilities of the sailboat also influence the duration. Modern sailboats designed for bluewater cruising can cover the distance more efficiently than older or smaller vessels. Factors like hull design, sail area, and propulsion systems affect the boat’s performance.

4. Crew Experience: The experience and skill of the sailing crew can impact the crossing duration. A knowledgeable and experienced crew can make informed decisions, navigate efficiently, and handle various weather conditions.

While the average time to cross from New York to the Azores can vary, it generally takes around 15 to 20 days, depending on the factors mentioned above. It is essential to plan and prepare adequately, taking into account safety considerations and ensuring proper navigation and communication systems are in place for a successful Atlantic crossing.

So, for a sailboat journey from New York to the Azores , be prepared for an adventure that can take several weeks, influenced by factors such as distance, weather, boat type, and crew experience.

Europe to the Caribbean

– Distance: The distance from Europe to the Caribbean is approximately 4,500 nautical miles.

– Route: The common route for crossing the Atlantic from Europe to the Caribbean is the Trade Winds route. Sail south from Europe towards the Canary Islands , then catch the easterly trade winds blowing towards the Caribbean .

– Weather Conditions: Weather conditions during the crossing can vary, but the best time for the journey is during the winter months when trade winds are more consistent. Be prepared for changes in weather and have necessary navigation and safety equipment.

– Type of Sailboat: The type of sailboat affects the duration of the crossing. Faster sailboats with better performance in light winds have shorter crossing times.

– Crew Experience: The experience and skill of the crew impact the crossing duration. A knowledgeable and skilled crew can handle different weather conditions and navigate efficiently.

When planning a crossing from Europe to the Caribbean , consider these factors: the distance, optimal route, weather conditions, suitable sailboat, and the crew’s experience. Make necessary preparations for a successful and enjoyable journey across the Atlantic.

Tips for a Successful Atlantic Crossing

Embarking on an Atlantic crossing by sailboat? Here are essential tips for a successful journey. Discover how meticulous planning and preparation can make the difference between smooth sailing and unforeseen challenges. Stay safe with a comprehensive understanding of vital safety considerations . Master the art of navigation and communication to navigate the vast expanse of the Atlantic . Get ready for an unforgettable adventure across the open seas!

Plan and Prepare

When preparing to sail across the Atlantic, it is crucial to plan and prepare properly. Here are the steps to plan and prepare for your voyage:

1. Research the route: Study different routes and choose one that suits your preferences and abilities.

2. Check weather patterns: Familiarize yourself with typical weather conditions along your chosen route and determine the best time of year for your crossing.

3. Create a detailed itinerary: Plan your daily sailing schedule, including rest periods and potential stops.

4. Inspect and maintain your sailboat: Ensure your sailboat is in top condition by conducting a thorough inspection and addressing any necessary repairs or maintenance.

5. Stock up on supplies: Pack enough food, water, fuel, and other essentials based on the duration of your journey.

6. Equip your boat with safety gear: Install necessary safety equipment, such as life jackets, flares, fire extinguishers, and navigation tools.

7. Notify authorities: Inform relevant authorities or coast guard of your planned journey, providing them with your itinerary and emergency contact details.

8. Communicate with crew members: Discuss roles and responsibilities with your crew, establishing clear communication channels and protocols.

9. Acquire necessary skills: Consider attending courses or training sessions to enhance your sailing skills and knowledge.

Proper planning and preparation are essential for a successful Atlantic crossing. By following these steps, you can ensure a safe and enjoyable journey across the ocean.

True story: when Peter sailed across the Atlantic, he meticulously planned and prepared for every aspect of the journey. He researched the route, studied weather patterns, and inspected his sailboat, addressing any necessary maintenance tasks. Peter stocked up on supplies and equipped his boat with all the necessary safety gear. He communicated with his crew members and ensured everyone had the required skills for the voyage. The result was a smooth and memorable crossing, filled with incredible experiences and lifelong memories.

Safety Considerations

When crossing the Atlantic by sailboat, Safety Considerations should be prioritized. Consider the following factors:

– Equipment and Maintenance : Equip the sailboat with necessary safety gear, like life jackets, harnesses, flares, and a liferaft. Regularly inspect and maintain the boat to avoid mechanical failures.

– Weather Monitoring : Stay updated on weather conditions before and during the crossing. Use reliable sources and plan the route to avoid severe storms.

– Communication Tools : Have reliable communication devices, like a VHF radio or satellite phone, for emergencies or requesting assistance.

– Navigation Skills : Ensure the crew has proficient navigation skills and familiarity with tools like charts, compasses, and GPS systems. This helps determine the boat’s position and avoid hazards.

– Emergency Procedures : Establish clear emergency procedures and drills to ensure everyone knows their roles and responsibilities. Include procedures for man overboard, fire incidents, or equipment failures.

By considering these Safety Considerations , sailors can minimize risks and ensure a safe and successful Atlantic crossing by sailboat.

Navigation and Communication

Navigation and communication are indispensable for a prosperous Atlantic crossing by sailboat. Sailors rely on tools such as GPS, charts, and compasses to ascertain their position, chart their course, and navigate the ocean securely. Precise navigation aids in avoiding obstacles like rocks, reefs, and other hazards. Efficient communication systems like VHF radios, satellite phones , and emergency beacons enable sailors to stay connected with other boats, shore stations, and emergency services.

Clear communication is crucial for coordinating maneuvers, exchanging weather information, and seeking assistance if necessary. It allows sailors to convey their intentions and respond to emergencies during the voyage. Navigation and communication systems should undergo thorough examination and testing prior to departure to ensure their proper functioning.

Sailors must possess knowledge of various navigation techniques, including celestial navigation using sextants , and understanding navigational charts. They should also be aware of maritime rules and regulations to navigate safely and avoid any collisions with other vessels.

Reliable navigation and communication systems, along with proficient skills, are vital for a triumphant Atlantic crossing. They ensure the safety and well-being of the crew and facilitate efficient navigation and effective communication throughout the entire journey.

Some Facts About How Long Does It Take To Cross The Atlantic By Sailboat:

✅ It takes about 3-4 weeks to cross the Atlantic Ocean by sailboat. (Source: lifeofsailing.com)
✅ There are two main routes for crossing the Atlantic: from east to west and from west to east. (Source: lifeofsailing.com)
✅ The Northern Passage (west to east) starts from Bermuda and goes to the Portuguese Azores, then to Portugal. (Source: lifeofsailing.com)
✅ The Southern Passage (east to west) starts from the Canary Islands and goes to Cape Verde, then to the Caribbean. (Source: lifeofsailing.com)
✅ Trade winds, blowing from east to west, can be used to advantage and make the Atlantic crossing more comfortable. (Source: lifeofsailing.com)

Frequently Asked Questions

1. how long does it take to cross the atlantic by sailboat.

The time it takes to cross the Atlantic by sailboat can vary depending on several factors, such as the route, type of sailboat, and weather conditions. On average, it takes about three to four weeks to complete the journey.

2. What are the main routes for crossing the Atlantic?

The two main routes for crossing the Atlantic by sailboat are the Southern passage (east to west) and the Northern passage (west to east). The Southern passage starts from Europe and goes to the Canary Islands, Cape Verde, or the Windward Islands. The Northern passage starts from the Caribbean and goes to Bermuda, the Azores, and then the Portuguese coast.

3. How can trade winds be used to advantage during the crossing?

Trade winds, which blow from east to west, are reliable winds used for sailing across the Atlantic. Sailors can use these winds to their advantage by adjusting their sails to catch the cool breeze and make the journey more comfortable.

4. What are some recommended sailboat sizes for crossing the Atlantic?

An ideal sailboat for crossing the Atlantic should be at least 30 or 40 feet long and have a fixed keel. Some popular sailboat models for transatlantic crossings include Albin 27, Westsail 28, Dufour 29, and Cape Dory 28. It’s important to consider factors such as design, stability, build quality, and the number of crew when choosing a sailboat.

5. Is it recommended to hire a skipper for the Atlantic crossing?

Hiring an experienced skipper can be a suitable option for individuals without the necessary sailing skills or experience. A skipper can provide guidance, navigation expertise, and ensure the safety of the voyage.

6. What precautions should be taken during the Atlantic crossing?

When crossing the Atlantic, it is essential to plan, prepare, and ensure you have the appropriate sailing gear and necessary accessories. Proper navigation gear, sound boat maintenance, extra fuel, and knowledge of repair techniques are crucial. It’s also important to choose the right clothing, such as foul weather gear, thermals, hats, gloves, and sunglasses, to stay comfortable during the voyage.

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IMAGES

USV Completes First Atlantic Crossing East to West
Eastbound Atlantic crossing: All the weather info you need
How to cross the Atlantic from the Caribbean to Europe: Everything you
Top 10 Sailboats for Crossing the Atlantic Ocean
How to cross the Atlantic from the Caribbean to Europe: Everything you
How to cross the Atlantic from the Caribbean to Europe: Everything you

VIDEO

Sailing to Horta
(episode 26) Atlantic Crossing: Part One
Arrival on the Azores
Becalmed without an engine
Atlantic Crossing East to west #2 Jus Dreaming
Atlantic Crossing Week 2

COMMENTS

ARC Europe: Crossing the Atlantic west to east is a very different
It's true that this is the most popular route - 260 yachts made the westward crossing on last year's ARC - but it is not the only one. An eastward crossing, sailing from the Caribbean to ...
Time to Cross the Atlantic by Sailboat: A Comprehensive Guide
An Atlantic crossing on a sailboat takes an average of 20 to 25 days. It is important to know the shortcuts, maximize speed, and have experience to cross the Atlantic. ... There are two main routes for crossing the Atlantic by sailboat: the Southern passage (east to west) and the Northern passage (west to east). The Southern passage starts from ...
How To Cross the Atlantic, Routes and Timelines
According to Jimmy Cornell, a well-known sailor and circumnavigator that has made his own research on the subject, Las Palmas is one of the biggest ports of departure for sailboats crossing the Atlantic. Around 75'% of the sailboats that arrive in Las Palmas on the Canary Islands will depart for an Ocean crossing.
The best route for an Atlantic crossing
Weather is a large part of any Atlantic crossing: deciding when to go, which route to follow and the sails to carry. The main consideration is to avoid the hurricane season from June to November ...
Guide to Atlantic crossing by sailboat or catamaran
The classic route to cross the Atlantic by sailboat begins in Europe and ends in the Caribbean or more rarely somewhere else in Central America. A common example of a transatlantic crossing departing from the Canary Islands with a possible stop in Cape Verde and landing in the Antilles. The distance of the crossing from the Canary Islands to the Caribbean is about 2800-3000 nautical miles ...
Sailing Routes : How to Cross the Atlantic Eastward
Transatlantic voyages are not just unique but also exhilarating experiences altogether. For many sailors, crossing the approximately 2,850nm (Canaries) - 3,200nm (Western France) distance across the Atlantic is a "must do experience of a lifetime.". It is an amazing yacht charter journey of a lifetime.
Q&A: Picking A Sailing Route Across The North Atlantic, West To East
Q&A: Crossing The Atlantic In A 32-foot Boat; Q&A: A Late West To East Atlantic Crossing; Q&A: A Novel, But Probably Smart, Way To Cross The Atlantic, East To West; Q&A: Trans-Ocean Navigation; Q&A: Trans-Atlantic In An Old Boat; Coastal Overnights—They're Tough But They Get The Job Done; Q&A: Risk Management, Hurricanes
Atlantic crossing: When's the best time to go?
Weather Guru Chris Tibbs reports. An Atlantic crossing or Atlantic circuit has often been seen as a year-long adventure, crossing the ocean in late November or December to the Caribbean, with a ...
How to Complete an Atlantic Circuit in One Year
The first leg of an Atlantic Circle—the first Atlantic crossing—is arguably the most challenging one for yachts departing the U.S. East Coast. The traditional west-to-east route, in particular, which Mia and I followed aboard our 35-foot yawl Arcturus in 2011, is through the far north Atlantic, where icebergs, deep depressions and cool ...
How to sail across the Atlantic and back
A 35-footer might take 25-28 days to sail across the Atlantic from the Canaries to the West Indies. Obviously, the longer and faster your boat is, the more stowage and water tankage you will have for less time at sea. ... Is a bigger boat better for crossing the Atlantic? Like the Lettons, I think 40-45ft is something of a sweet spot, offering ...
Crossing the Atlantic in a sailboat: the most famous crossings
To cross the Atlantic by sailboat, there are basically two routes available. Route from East to West. Crossing Europe-America. This is the simplest route, as it is the usual route chosen by sailors to cross the Atlantic. It is easier to make this crossing, due to the distance among other things. This Europe-America crossing has a shorter ...
How Long Does It Take to Sail Across the Atlantic? Tips & Insights
An Atlantic crossing on a sailboat takes an average of 20 to 25 days, but can be completed in two weeks if lucky, take shortcuts, and have a fast sailboat. ... There are two main routes for crossing the Atlantic: east to west and west to east. (Source: Our Team) Factors such as travel plans, type and size of the ship, and the skills and speed ...
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It was a chill, sunny day and we focused on getting into the rhythm of the sea. We had very good speed during the day (5,5-6 knots) and were able to sail on a more northerly course than we had expected we would be able to do. We left Sint Maarten together with Sanuti to start our Atlantic crossing, from the west to the east. Day 2 - may 1, 2021
Sail Across the Atlantic
The most popular routes east to west are from Portugal to Barbados which covers 4,100 nautical miles and takes 21 to 31 days to complete, and from Gran Canaria to Saint Lucia which covers 2,700 nautical miles and takes 20 to 25 days to complete. The best time to complete this route is from 30 November to 28 February. Weather on an Atlantic Crossing
Best Time to Cross the Atlantic by Sailboat
When it comes to crossing the Atlantic, you should know that a sailboat doesn't sail in a straight line. The distance of this voyage is about 6,800km, and it's characterized by an S-shape or a curve. That being said, the distance you'll cover will be about 8,000 km, which will probably take you up to 45 days in good weather conditions or ...
How to cross the Atlantic from the Caribbean to Europe: Everything you
Nevertheless, each year, around 1,000 yachts arrive in Horta en route to Europe (the total was 1,232 in 2015, to be exact). Yachts mainly stop here in May and June and around half have come direct ...
How Long Does It Take To Sail Across The Atlantic?
An Atlantic crossing on a sailboat takes an average of 20 to 25 days, but it can be completed in two weeks: if you are lucky, take shortcuts, and have a fast sailboat. If you don't have enough wind for a week or more, it can take up to a month. It is important to know the shortcuts, maximize speed and have the experience to cross the Atlantic.
Sail Across the Atlantic West to East
Since the wind generally comes from the north-east and boats head direction south west, the wind comes mostly straight from behind. It makes the journey a down winder. During a typical crossing, the trade winds are 3 to 5 Beaufort. There can be days with light wind, days with no wind and periods where the wind speed reaches up to 6 or even 7 ...
Time Estimation: How Long Does It Take a Sailboat to Cross the Atlantic?
The traditional route for crossing the Atlantic by sailboat typically takes 14-21 days. Follow these steps to complete this journey: Prepare your sailboat: Ensure it is in good condition with necessary equipment and supplies. Check weather conditions: Monitor the forecast and look for stable winds and calm seas.
The Viking route: Across the Atlantic via Nova Scotia
Think of crossing the Atlantic from west to east, and most people will picture a pleasant high-pressure route via Bermuda or the Azores. But there is another way of doing it. ... "We will sail ...
Waterway Guide
And remember that with adequate sailing experience and a robust sailboat, crossing the Atlantic isn't that difficult as many people think! Keep reading! ... it's more important to staying east before attempting a westerly route. Late hurricanes tend to appear to the west, so a passage through the Cape Verde islands is a good option. ...
Sailboat Journey: How Long to Cross the Atlantic Ocean?
These recorded times exemplify the incredible speed and efficiency of sailboats crossing the Atlantic. The sailboat "Comanche" holds the record for the fastest time between Lizard Point in the UK and Ambrose Light in the USA, completing the journey in just 5 days, 14 hours, 21 minutes, and 25 seconds.Meanwhile, the sailboat "IDEC Sport" holds the record for the fastest west to east ...
Why is it harder to cross the Atlantic from West to East ...
Three days before Ryan, Anett and I left Bonaire to cross the Atlantic to the Azores, we connected with Andy from @59NorthSailing for a full weather routing...
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March 28, 2024 at 1:26 AM PDT. Russian warships from the Pacific Fleet have crossed the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait and entered the Red Sea, the state-run Tass news agency said, venturing into a maritime ...